Mene ne tushen EMF yanzu?

Idan wani short-kewaye tsakanin sandunan na capacitor caje, a ƙarƙashin rinjayar da wani electrostatic filin, da tara tsakanin ta faranti, da waje kewaye da capacitor a wani shugabanci daga m iyakacin duniya da korau cajin m motsi fara - electrons.

Duk da haka, a lokacin da fitarwa na capacitor lantarki filin aiki a kan cajin barbashi motsi hanzari ragẽwo har sai da cikakken nau'i nau'i. Sabili da haka, kwafin lantarki wanda ya tashi a cikin fitarwa yana da yanayi mai tsawo kuma tsarin yana da sauri.

Ga dogon lokacin da tabbatarwa daga cikin halin yanzu a cikin conductive kewaye da na'urorin amfani da inaccurately kira a rayuwar yau da kullum na yanzu kafofin (tsananin jiki ji shi ne ba). Mafi sau da yawa irin wannan tushe sune batir sunadarai.

Saboda faru a wadannan electrochemical matakai a kan su tashoshi ne wani jari na daura lantarki zargin. Dogaro ba na yanayin lantarki ba, a karkashin aikin wanda aka rarraba wannan cajin, an kira dakarun waje waje.

Don fahimtar yanayin da EMF yake da shi game da tushen yanzu, misali mai zuwa zai taimaka.

Ka yi tunanin mai jagora a filin lantarki, kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin adadi da ke ƙasa, wato, ta hanyar da akwai filin lantarki a ciki.

An sani cewa ƙarƙashin rinjayar wannan filin wani lantarki yana fara gudana a cikin jagorar. Yanzu tambaya ta taso game da abin da zai faru da cajin masu sufuri lokacin da suka isa ƙarshen mai gudanarwa, kuma ko wannan halin yanzu ba zai canja ba a tsawon lokaci.

Zamu iya ɗauka cewa a yanayin yanayin budewa, sakamakon tasirin wutar lantarki, ƙananan laifuka zasu tara a ƙarshen mai gudanarwa. A wannan connection, lantarki halin yanzu ba za su kasance m da kuma motsi na electrons a wani shugaba zai zama sosai short, kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin siffa.

Saboda haka, don kulawa da gudana a halin yanzu a cikin kewaye, dole ne a rufe wannan zagaye, wato. Yi nau'i na madauki. Duk da haka, don kula da halin yanzu, ko da wannan yanayin bai ishe ba, tun da cajin yana motsa zuwa ga mafi muni, kuma filin lantarki yana yin aiki mai kyau a kan cajin.

Yanzu, bayan tafiya tare da zagaye na rufe, lokacin da cajin ya koma wurin farawa, inda ya fara tafiya, yiwuwar a wannan lokaci ya kasance kamar yadda yake a farkon motsi. Duk da haka, halin yanzu yana gudana tare da hasara na makamashi.

Sabili da haka, muna buƙatar wasu bayanan waje a cikin kewaye, a kan tashoshin wanda za'a iya samun bambanci mai yawa, wanda ya ƙaru makamashin motsi na cajin lantarki.

Irin wannan tushe yana sa ya yiwu ya yi cajin daga ƙananan matakan zuwa mafi girma a cikin wani shugabanci wanda ba daidai da motsi na lantarki a ƙarƙashin aikin mai karfi na lantarki yana ƙoƙari ya tura cajin daga mafi girma ga ƙananan.

Wannan karfi, tilasta da cajin ya motsa daga ƙananan zuwa mafi girma m, aka kira electromotive karfi. EMF halin yanzu tushen - wani jiki siga cewa characterizes aikin ciyar da don matsawa da zargin ciki tushen extraneous sojojin.

Yayin da na'urorin samar da EMF na source na yanzu, kamar yadda aka ambata, ana amfani da batura, da jigilar wutar lantarki, thermoelements, da dai sauransu.

Yanzu mun san cewa wata baturi saboda da ciki emf samar da wani m bambanci tsakanin tushen tashoshi, gudanarwa da ci gaba da motsi na electrons a gaban shugabanci ga electrostatic karfi.

EMF na source na yanzu, wanda aka ba da wannan tsari a ƙasa, kamar bambancin da aka nuna a volts:

E = A _v / Δq,

inda A _v - aiki na waje sojojin, Δq - cajin koma ciki Madogararsa.