Ma'adinai na Poland: arzikin kasar

Poland ita ce yankin gabas ta Turai, mafi yawancin shi yana kan iyaka na Ƙasar Turai. Sauran yankin yana shagaltar da wuraren tsaunuka. Yana da wani kasa mai arziki a cikin wani m iri-iri ma'adanai. Mene ne waɗannan wadatar nan kuma yaya ake amfani dasu don bukatun tattalin arzikin kasar?

Reserves na kasar

Maganin albarkatun ma'adinai na Poland ya sa ya yiwu ya kula da tattalin arzikin kasar a babban mataki. Tun zamanin d ¯ a, Poland ta san sanannun amber. A yankin Poland ne wanda ake kira Amber Route ya wuce, wanda ya tashi daga kogin Adriatic zuwa ƙasashen Baltic. Babban ma'adinai na Poland sune kwalba, jan karfe, azurfa, tin, zinc, da ajiyar gishiri na dutse, sulfur da kayan albarkatu daban-daban domin samar da kayan gini.

Har wa yau, Poland ita ce babbar ƙasa a cikin hakar wannan ma'adinai. Ana samar da amber mai yawa a nan. An kiyasta wajibi ne ta kwararru a kimanin ton 12. Mining a Poland ya fara a kusa da 3500 BC. A tsakiyar zamanai, wani nau'i mai muhimmiyar rawa ta takaitaccen irin wannan nau'i na haɓakawa kamar hakar gishiri. Kuma daga tsakiyar tsakiyar karni na 18, hakar mai na da muhimmanci sosai.

Hanyoyi na kayan agaji da ma'adinai na Poland

Kamar yadda aka riga aka ambata, mafi yawan ƙasashen kasar yana da lakabi. Kasashen da aka kafa a cikin Ice Age, suna da asusun ajiyar kashi 75 cikin 100 na dukan ƙasar. A cikin kwanciyar hankali an kafa mafitacin Poland. Kuma ma'adanai, wato wuraren da aka sanya su, an kuma kafa su a wannan lokacin. A cikin ƙananan sassa na Gabas ta Tsakiya na Turai, inda Poland ke samuwa, akwai wuraren tsabta na launin ja. A cikin ɓangaren yammacin dandamali akwai adadi mai yawa da kuma iskar gas. A cikin rami tsakanin dutsen dutse wanda sau da yawa yana iya samun laguna. A kan iyakokin kudancin akwai duwatsu - Sudetes. A nan, gaura, nickel, da kuma tin ne ake yin min. A gefen gabashin su Carpathians ne.

Ma'adanai na Poland: Coal

Jimlar jimillar wuraren da aka yi a cikin dakunan ruwa a Poland shine kimanin tamanin biliyan 45. Amma a Poland babu isasshen gas da albarkatun mai. Abin da ya sa wadannan irin albarkatu zasu shiga shigo da wasu daga ƙasashe. Shekaru da dama da suka gabata, samar da makamashi daga wasu mahimman albarkatun mawuyacin hali ya zama sanannun. Idan harkar hakar ma'adinai ta ci gaba a daidai wannan fanni, asusunsa zai iya cika bukatun kasar kimanin shekaru 500. Wannan sau 2 ne fiye da matsakaicin sauran ƙasashe a duniya. Amma hannun jari na iya wucewa har abada, domin a cikin ƙwayar tattalin arzikin Poland an ƙara maye gurbin wasu ma'adanai - gas. Gas ba shi da lafiya a cikin yanayin ilimin kimiyya. A cewar bayanai, akwai 242 adadin gas a Poland.

Muhimmancin ciyawar kwalba ga tattalin arzikin

Duk da haka, launin ruwan kasa da mur yana da muhimmanci ga tattalin arzikin Poland. Kimanin kimanin tamanin kwalba na karamar wuta ne ake lalata a Poland kowace shekara. Kuma shi ya kasance tushen asalin ƙarfin. Abu mafi mahimmanci na amfani da shi ita ce wannan ma'adinai shine mafi araha kuma a lokaci guda na tattalin arziki.

Babban asusun wannan ma'adinai na cikin Silesia. Mafi kyawun wuri na hakar kwalba da gauraya mai launin ruwan kasa shine Lublin kwalba. A ko'ina cikin kasar, tartsatsi adibas na ruwan kasa da kwal. Bisa la'akari da adadin, yawanta ya kai kimanin dala biliyan 42. Mafi yawan adadin ajiya shi ne tsakiya a ɓangarorin yammacin Poland.

Gas da man fetur

Daya daga cikin manyan ma'adinai a Poland shine gas na halitta. Ana fitar da man fetur da iskar gas a yankunan gabashin. A shekara ta 2016, an gano wani sabon filin lantarki a yankin Yankunan Pomeranian Western. Yawansa kusan kimanin miliyon mita 1 ne. Godiya ga wannan ajiya jimlar gas samarwa a Poland zai kara da miliyan 25 cubic mita. Rashin zurfin sabon sa shine kimanin 3000 m. Gwanin gas na shekara-shekara a Poland shine kimanin miliyon mita 15.

An fara amfani da man fetur na farko a yankin Poland a 1854. A halin yanzu, akwai wuraren man fetur 92.

Hakar gishiri

Abubuwan da ke da muhimmanci a kasar nan ma gishiri ne. Ana kiyasta wuraren ajiyarta a fiye da tamanin 80. Daya daga cikin shahararrun yawon bude ido ne a gishiri mine kira "Wieliczka". Gidan na yana kusa da Krakow a ƙauyen Wieliczka. Sau ɗaya a wani lokaci shekaru da yawa da suka wuce akwai teku a kan wannan yankin. Kuma gwargwadon gishiri da aka kafa a nan ta halitta. Ginin gishiri a nan ya fara a karni na XIII. Tun daga karni na XV, an yi amfani da ma'adinai ga masu yawan yawon bude ido. Tun 1978, an rubuta "mine" Wieliczka "a kan jerin abubuwan tarihi na UNESCO.

Wasu hannun jari

Har ila yau, a {asar Poland, akwai wuraren ajiyar ruwan dake da magunguna. Wannan kalma yana nufin ruwan zafi wanda ya tsere daga ƙasa, yanayin zazzabi ya fi digiri 20. A dukan ƙasar akwai nau'o'in ma'adinai masu yawa waɗanda ke da kayan magani. Ana amfani da ruwa mai geothermal a sanatoriums don wankewa da yin wanka, maganin nasopharynx, da kuma nutsewa.

Wani ma'adinai mai mahimmanci na Poland shine jan ƙarfe. A nan ne mafi girma a cikin kasashen Turai na wannan ƙarfe. A Poland, kimanin kashi 3 cikin dari na samar da jan karfe na duniya ya samo. Har ila yau, kasar ta ci gaba da zinc da kuma samar da karamin man fetur. Ƙasar tana da wadata a cikin adadin magnetite-ilmenite, da kuma wuraren ajiya.