Jamus artist Gans Golbeyn (ƙaramin): biography, kerawa

Gans Golbeyn da Dattijon (≈1465-1524) ya jagoranci art studio. Yana aiki ga ɗan'uwansa, kuma daga baya 'ya'ya biyu maza. Musamman shahararren rawa a cikin art na Arewa Renaissance taka leda autansa, cikakken takwara mahaifinsa - Gans Golbeyn (1497-1543).

A arziki Augsburg

A cikin tsohon Bavarian Augsburg, inda Gans Golbeyn (uban) aka haife shi, da aka rike da wata bitar da kuma shiga shagon sana'a, kamar yadda ma'adanin na zanen a waɗannan kwanaki da aka ba su gani ba. Saboda haka shi ya faru tun zamanin da, lokacin da art absented ilmin lissafi. The kalmar "lissafi" na zamanin d Helenawa ba, da kuma zanen da aka kawai craft. Workshop Hans zama iyali. Case arzuta isasshen umarni da kansa, da kuma ɗan'uwansa Sigmund, da kuma mataimakin Leonard. Augsburg a nuna na karni wata babbar birni. Yana raya cinikayya girma nazarinsa da samar da makamai da kuma kayan ado. A painters patrons sun m iyali. A XVI karni, da 'yan kasuwar wannan birni ne daya daga cikin wealthiest a Turai. A birni ne sau da yawa ziyarci Sarkin sarakuna Maximilian I. Shi ya kuma ayarinsa aka kawo a nan sabon ilmi game da artists na Italian Renaissance, misali. Yana wani lokacin da na da Gothic ba hanya zuwa sabo ne look at duniya.

A cikin studio

Gans Golbeyn mamaye wani sabon ado da kuma gudanar organically bayyana da akida na Renaissance. Sai ya shahara a fara yada cikin kudancin Jamus. Da farko gayyace shi zuwa aiki a Ulm, sa'an nan zuwa Frankfurt. Tare da 'ya'yansa maza Ambrosius (1494-1519) da kuma Hans ya sa zane-zane a Lucerne. Yana mai yawa aiki da ake yi a cikin ginin da kuma a waje. Hotunan ne ba kuma Genre al'amuran, kuma farauta. Daga baya, Gans Golbeyn tashi daga aiki aiki da kuma shirya a Izengeyme inda sa'an nan suka mutu. A Augsburg mayar halaka su a lokacin yaki, da gidan da Holbein, da kuma Gallery na tsohon Masters da Cathedral akwai ayyuka da cewa suna da za'ayi Gans Golbeyn. Ya zane-zane - da girman kai na cikin birni.

Rayuwa Hans Holbein-dan

Bayan aiki tare da mahaifinsa da kuma ɗan'uwansa, Hans koma a 1515 zuwa Switzerland. Ten shekaru zauna a Basel. Ga ya gana da Erasmus, ya nuna "Gõdiya ta wauta", Halicci hoto na shi. Its zama majiɓinci ne magajin garin Meyer, ga abin da ya rubuta kafin barin Jamus ga mai kyau, da zanen "Madonna na iyali Meyer," daya daga cikin Masterpieces na wannan lokaci. A saman cibiyar na Virgin Mary rike da jariri Yesu karkashin Cover of scallop bawo. An yi imani da cewa ya shirya kai lover mai suna Magdalena Offenburg. Kasa ana kiyaye shi ta alkyabbar na Virgin located a tarnaƙi na ta dukan iyali Meyer. An yi imani da cewa shi ne mai yiwuwa a samu rahamar Uba ta hanyar ta cẽto. Scallop harsashi alama ce ta allahntaka da kuma mata sarari. Gold kambi a kan shugaban na Virgin ne 'yancin kai na da iko. A kan hagu ne Meyer da kansa da kuma 'ya'yansa biyu. A cikin foreground a fari dress - ya Meyera Anna. Sa'an nan - matarsa ta biyu, Dorothea, kuma a karshe, a profile nuna a na farko, riga matacce mata Meyer - Magdalena. Saboda haka yana da wani - a addini hoto tsanani connotations. Shi ba a san abin da ya ke tunani, da barin Basel, Gans Golbeyn. Tarihinsa cikin shekaru samo asali daga crossings. Daga ina ya tafi?

Gans Golbeyn Jr. a Ingila

A shekaru biyu, da artist tafi Ingila, inda ya aka warmly samu, sa'an nan ya koma Basel, kammala zanen da ma'aikatar magajin gari tare da scenes daga Tsohon Alkawali, da kuma a 1532 har abada mayar da su cikin tsibirin. A nan sai ya sanar da hoto kyauta to cikakkiyar. Yanzu za mu zama aikinsa, wanda sanya shi unfading ɗaukaka. Ainihin bayani dalla-dalla kwarjinin images - wancan ne abin da ke sa Gans Golbeyn. The ayyuka ba su nan da nan sami mabiya, amma suka kawo ci gaban portraiture a kasar Birtaniya.

"Ambassadors", 1533

Gans Golbeyn Jr. rubuta wani hoto na Faransa jakadun a cikin shekara a lokacin da Princess Elizabeth aka haife. Wannan hoto ne biyu hoto, kuma har yanzu rayuwa na 'yan abubuwa da suka sa yawa muhawara.

Maza ado a daban-daban tufafi, dama Zhan De Dentevil - a wani wadanda mutane, bar Bishop Zhorzh De Selva - da hukuma. Yana nuna rikici tsakanin wadanda mutane da kuma addini hukumomi, tsakanin sarki iyayengiji da Church. A manufa hujja a tsakanin masana kimiyya (waka Martina Lyutera) da kuma cocin da limaman nuna lute da fashe kirtani. Tsakanin jakadun ne bude Lutheran hymnal a matsayin wata alama da addini da ilmi. A daidai wannan lokaci shi haɗa kan bangaskiya su ta hanyar Our Lady. A kasa na zanen a kan bene, a tsakiyar wani kwanyar a wani dogon gurbata form. Yana da m dalilin da ya sa Holbein yayi to tuna game da mutuwa, amma yana yiwuwa cewa artist ne a uku-matakin hoto. A saman shiryayye ne astrolabe, da quadrant, Multi-faceted sundial da kuma sauran abubuwa na cikin wani sarari suKe duniya, a kasa - da duniya duniya, kamar yadda evidenced da littattafai da lute, da kuma, a karshe, a kasa mai tunatarwa na mutuwa a cikin nau'i na wani QFontDatabase yanke. A wannan da aka ce da wani crucifix a saman kwanar hagu, da kuma a medallion Zhana De Dentevilya. Saboda haka da zane-zane ya jũya kai tsaye, sauki-look at rayuwa a wani phantasmagoric hangen nesa.

Rasa hoto na King

A 1536 Holbein zama kotun fenta wa sarki Henry. A 1536-1537 ya halitta da hoto. The asali ba a kiyaye su, shi ƙone a wuta a 1698, aka sani a gare mu kawai da yawa kofe. A wannan lokacin, Henry ya aure to Dzheyn Seymur uncomplaining. Vertical m uku matar Henry tsira a yau, kazalika da hoto na matasa Prince Edward, da dogon-jiran makadaici, a wani m shekaru.

Hoto na Henry Sabunta, marigayi kwafin

Kamar yadda aka ambata, da hotuna na Henry Sabunta ƙone. Su aka yi nufi ga ado Whitehall. Amma akwai kofe. Bayan da sarki da kansa, shi ma aka yi wakilta matarsa Dzheyn Seymur da mahaifansa biyu, Henry VII kuma Elizabeth na York. Waɗannan su ne frescoes, Gama a 1537, don bikin haihuwar wani ƙaunataccen ɗana. Domin mu a cikin na asali akwai kawai wani jirgin, a kan abin da ake fentin Henry Sabunta da ubansa, Henry VII.

Henry Sabunta (copy) ne wanda aka nuna a cikin cikakken tsawon ba tare da takobi, Corona da sandan. The yawa na sarki daukar kwayar cutar matsayi. Ya nuna alfahari da mafadaci tsaye dama a gaban viewer, kafafu baza, hannuwa rike wani jirgin saman soja ra'ayi. A hannu daya ya riqe safar hannu, da sauran na kusa da rataye bel kowanne kofa wuƙa. Ya sa da yawa daga kayan ado, ciki har da da dama manyan zobba da kuma biyu daga necklaces. Tufafi da m kafadu auduga reinforces da alama na namiji ƙarfi emanating daga sarki. Holbein musamman tarwatsa yunkurin fahimtar gane Henry Sabunta, to sa shi fiye da ban sha'awa. A cikin hoto na sarki ne, matasa da kuma m, a lokacin da a gaskiya ya riga fama da nauyi daga wani mĩki samu a lokacin gasar mugun. Henry Sabunta ya so wannan hoto cewa ya yi umurni da wata kwafin shi, ya nufi kamar yadda kyautai domin manyanmu kuma jakadun.

Kadai tsira hoto da Holbein

Wannan hoto ne ba a Ingila, da kuma a cikin Museum Thyssen-Bornemisza a Madrid, inda sarki ne wanda aka nuna a sau tura ta cikin viewer a uku bariki. Domin shekaru masu yawa, da zanen mallakar Spencer iyali, amma kudi matsaloli tilasta bakwai Earl Spencer bar ta. Wannan wani misali ne na alfarma da style of Holbein. Frontally tura kafadu sarauta mutum, matsayin hannunsa qawata da zobba, wani m sarkar, majestic hali nan da nan nuna cewa kallo m karfi hali. Imperious monarch nauyi fuska calmly. Ya kyau fasali ba haƙõra ba wrinkles kuma wuce kima cikar abu. Eyes quntata a cikin kãfirci, amma ya stared a kowa ba takwarorina. A kan fuskarsa babu wani ambato na murmushi. Yana mai tauri mutumin amfani da su shirya kome da kome a kan nasu, fatattaka saukar a kan real da hasashen 'yan adawa.

Holbein mutu a lokacin da wani annoba da annoba a London. Wannan ya faru a heyday na da basira da fasaha. Fenta kawai ya juya shekaru 46 da haihuwa.