Ivan Pyryev: biography, na sirri rayuwa, Filmography, photos

Ivan Pyryev - sanannen Soviet fim darektan, wanda ya ba mutane da yawa shafi tunanin mutum da fina-finai. Suka kama yanzu. Watch kuma sha'awan. Da basira ne maras lokaci.

Mutane da yawa tuna da sani wanda ya Ivan Pyrev. Biography sirri rayuwar wannan babban adadi na Soviet cinema ne har yanzu batun tattaunawa sukar, masana tarihi da kuma magoya na Soviet fina-finai.

yara

Haife 11.04.1901 shekara. Wurin haihuwa: kauyen Kamen-na-Obi (Altai Territory). Kamar dukan manoman na cewa lokaci, da mahaifansa biyu ya kashe dukan kwanaki a filayen. Bugu da kari, kokarin samar da iyali tare da ƙarin kudi, da uwa da uba da kadan Vanya wanda load burodi a kan wata babbar baji. A shekara ta 1904, mahaifinsa kuwa ba - ya aka kashe a wani yaki. Bayan da cewa, mahaifiyar je wurin aiki, da kuma Ivan bar a kula da mahaifinsa Osip Komogorov. Kuma ya zauna a wani babban farin ciki iyali na Old Muminai kakan zuwa shekaru 10. Lokacin da Vanya gama na uku sa, shi da uwarsa zo gare shi. Ta dauki shi zuwa ga Mariinsky, inda cohabited da Tartar Ishmukhametov Amirov. Ya aka tsunduma a harkokin ciniki na 'ya'yan itãcen marmari a cikin kasuwar, sai ya kasance mai yawan m da short-tempered, da kuma lokacin da suka sha, suka jefa kansa a cikin fray. Uwar da kuma dan sha wahala antics Amirov ga lokaci kasancewa. Amma da zarar balaga Vanya iya tsayayya. A lokacin na gaba mãsu mãye brawl uban rana ya kama gatari kuma garzaya Amirov. Kuma cewa ya juya ya zama mafi matsoraci kuma wani scoundrel: ya ignominiously kuma suka gudu, suka tattara a cikin wani ofishin 'yan sanda. Bayan da cewa Ivan yana da wani zabi, sai ya tafi "ga mutane."

matasa

A 1915, Ivan Pyryev tare da daya daga cikin maharan jiragen kasa suka tafi wajen ƙofar. Ya yi yaƙi da 32 ga watan Siberian shiryayye, aka sau biyu rauni. Domin Soja yabo da ya samu lambar yabo da George Cross 3rd da 4th digiri.

A May 1918, ya fadi rashin lafiya tare da typhus. Amma matasa da karfi jiki zuwa da sauri magance cutar. Kuma nan da nan bayan da ya dawo sai ya shiga da Red Army da Bolshevik Party. Ya so ya ci kunna shi daga cikin talakawa Red Army daga baya ciyar da farko shugaban siyasa, sa'an nan kuma zuwa ga agitator. A sa'an nan Pyrev fara karatu a drama makaranta Gubprofsoveta. Akwai faru ya banrazana gamuwa da Grigoriem Aleksandrovym, wanda sun fi mayar da abin ya shafa da masu sana'a rabo Pyreva.

Ivan rayayye halarci kungiyar na Ural Proletkult. A birnin Yekaterinburg ya dauki mataki sunan Altai, ya taƙaice memba na wata sana'a wasan kwaikwayo nagartattu. A lokacin rani na 1921 a Yekaterinburg rangadin Uku Moscow Art Theater. Grigory Alexandrov da kuma Ivan Pyryev kasance haka farin ciki da kuma mamakin su aiki, da zarar ya yi niyyar zuwa Moscow.

Moscow hukuncin

A babban birnin kasar na farko ayyukansa kamar yadda wani actor a cikin play zama rawar Sergeya Eyzenshteyna "The Mexican." Kuma a cikin fim din ya fara bayyana a matsayin wani wawa a cikin wani gajeren fim "Glumova Diary." Sa'an nan Pyrev yi aiki a Vsevolod Meyerhold. Mutane da yawa tuna da kore hular gashi a lokacin da ya buga da muhimmancin Bulanov a cikin "Forest". A hanya, a nan gaba darektan Ivan Pyryev fuskantar da dama mai son kulake a cikin abin da ya sa agitation da oratorios a kan dacewa, yanzu al'amurran da suka shafi na lokaci.

A shekarar 1923 ya sauke karatu nasarar a matsayin dalibi GEKTEMAS aiki sashen. Kuma da darektan, ya yi karatu don wani lokaci. A karshe, ya samu a cikin duniya da cinema, wanda ya yi kwaɗayin haka. Pyrev farko ya yi aiki a matsayin mataimakin darektan. Kwarewa da kuma iyawa ya bayyana kusan nan da nan, ya fara magana game da shi a matsayin "Sarkin mataimakansa." A yayin da haimõmi sanya waswãsi da cewa, da ciwon a Pyreva mataimakansa, ko mafi ƙanƙanta darektan da nasara.

A farko-finan

Hakika, da ya so ya tabbatar da cewa shoot a kan nasu. Godiya ga wani farin ciki daidaituwa ga saurayi, da Soviet cinema san wanda Ivan Pyrev. Filmography shi ya fara da satirical comedy "kasashen waje mace". A rubutun da wannan fim, rubuce ta N. Erdman kuma A. Mariengof, aka tsara don bazara yanayi. A bazara 1928 ya ruwa, harbi kullum dakatarda. Ivan Aleksandrovich ga wani gajeren makonni uku rewrote rubutun da kuma yin fim da movie. Saboda haka allon zai nuna maka da farko hoto.

A farko ƙoƙari ya "ba da wani clod." Amma sai bi jerin kasawa. Biyu satirical comedy "jami'an gwamnati", yin fim a shekarar 1931, an hõre ga mutuncin zargi. Kamar yadda wani sakamako, ya wajaba su canza, a sakamakon ko ta yaya Heart ra'ayin fim, da kuma nasarar da ya bypassed wannan zanen jam'iyyar.

a cikin doghouse

Kuma a cikin gaba film "Village na karshe" An shafi zamantakewa da siyasa halin da ake ciki na lokaci, da kuma musamman zargin na gama da gwagwarmaya da kulaks. A taron ya yanke shawarar cewa "cikin bukatun da hoton saba wa moriyar jihar", da kuma Ivan Pyryev (ga photo. Ƙasa) da aka cire daga halitta.

A shekara ta 1933, IA Pyrev Zartarwa wani wasan kwaikwayo a game da rayuwar uku Jamus 'yan mata, da ake kira "injin mai mutuwa." Actors sun shiga actress Ada Voytsik, Tamara Makarova da Veronica Polonsky wanda sun jimre da kyau tare da halittar images of matasa ma'aikata. Shi ne a cikin shakka daga aiki a kan wannan fim, tsakanin Ada da kuma Ivan Wojcik Pyreva wani dangantaka ta kusa. Daga baya, da suka samu aure, yana da ɗa, Eric.

Samun kansa

Bayan da hutu, da tsawon 'yan shekaru da darektan dauki up wasa a kan wani allo marubuci Catherine Vinogradskaya aikin, wanda yake da aiki na title "Anka". A karkashin shiryarwar IA Pyreva 'yan wasan kwaikwayo (da suna rawa suna ta raira waƙa Ada Voytsik) daidai ake bayyana gaskiya wasan kwaikwayo na tarihi. A kasar jagoranci yaba da hoto. A karshe suna daga cikin film "The jam'iyyar tikitin."

Duk da haka, babban rabo mai girma daga cikin fim da viewer aikata ba. Kuma shi bai isa ya karfafa matsayin na Ivan Alexandrovich a "Mosfilm". Creative rikicin, ba gaba ɗaya nasara hadin gwiwa aiki ya kai ga ɓarna a cikin dangantaka tare da matarsa. Pyrev, kuma ko da yayi musu da management, ya tafi zuwa Kiev, inda ya fara aiki a karbuwa daga cikin rubutun screenwriter Eugene Pomeschikova. A dauki na masu sauraro na duba m comedy "Rich Bride" (1939) ya m. The m launi, kyakkyawa, babbar sha'awa da kuma kyau gaiety Ribar kowane episode na hoto, da kuma music Isaaka Dunaevskogo rubuta musamman don movie, sanya da labarin ko mafi Narinderjot, fun da idon basira. Babban rawa a cikin movie yi Marina Ladynina, wanda daga baya ya zama na biyu matar Ivana Pyreva.

Marina Ladynina matarsa da Muse

Next comedy "Hoor" a kan labarin wani kadan maimaita baya. Duk da haka, a nan babban harafin, wanda aka sake aiwatuwa a kan allo M. Ladynina wani karfi da-so kuma mai kuzari. Har yanzu, ci gaban da sanya da kuma Pyreva Ladynin daga mafi mashahuri al'adu Figures na lokaci.

Ya kamata a lura cewa fadowa cikin soyayya da Marina Ladynin, Ivan Aleksandrovich bar matarsa ta farko Ada Wojcik, amma soyayya da ɗansa Eric bai bar shi ya tafi gaba daya. Sa'an nan ya mayar da dama sau da farko da matar. Amma sabon soyayya har yanzu rinjaye. Ladynina ya Pyreva ga wannan Muse. Ta alamar tauraro a tara daga cikin kaset, mafi yawan abin da ya wata babbar nasara da masu sauraro. Ada Voytsik sha wahala ƙwarai. Yana da aka ce cewa ta ko da ya so ya kashe kansa. Amma sai lokaci maras ban sha'awa da zafi da wata cũta. Ta yi murabus.

Ivan Pyryev ɓullo da wani irin poetics tashe-tashen hankula lyrical comedy, wanda ya rera game da gõde aikin da rai ga mai kyau na motherland. Wannan ya samu nasarar aiwatuwa da "gado" da kuma "Hoor Drivers". Wannan fassarar comedy ya zama wani irin misali Soviet comedy tsakiyar XX karni.

da yaki da shekaru

Nasarawa daya daga cikin mafi kyau comedies na Soviet film "Pig da makiyayi" da aka kaddamar a watan Fabrairu 1941, kuma a watan Yuni, da yaki ya fara. Mutane da yawa mambobi ne na ƙungiya, ciki har da kaina, Ivan Alexandrovich, sun amfani da gaban. Duk da haka, kasar ta jagoranci umurce su da su gama da aiki a kan film. Tare da Ladynina a cikin suna rawa, hoton ya samu gagarumar nasara, ta zama daya daga cikin alamu na ikon ruhu da kuma na addini a cikin mafi kyau a cikin wadanda wuya ga Rasha mutane da yaki.

Wani film, a kan wanda aikin da aka za'ayi a lokacin yakin duniya na II - shi ne "Sakataren kwaminis" (1942). Yana gaya game da partisan aiki. Babban hali, kwamandan da yaƙin Kochetov (buga da actor Vanina), su m jaruntakar ayyukan yi wahayi zuwa da yawa da su shiga cikin "mutane ta ramuwa sojojin."

The yaki durkusar rayukan miliyoyin Soviet jama'a. Tada karfin gwuiwan da mutane, IA Pyrev kawar da fim "At karfe shida da yamma bayan da yaki". Abin farin, m darektan da m tsinkaya nasara sun annabci.

Sa'an nan, a cikin fim da muka yi amfani da kalmar "m". Amma shi ne a cikin wannan salo aka harbe da kuma "At karfe shida da yamma bayan da yaki", da kuma gaba da aiki Pyreva "Ballad of Siberia" (1948). A wannan kuma a cikin wani film starring sabuwar kunna biyu matar Ivan Alexandrovich Marina Ladynina. Ba da da ewa suka duka biyu sãka musu da lakabi na jama'ar kasar artists da Tarayyar Soviet.

Last soyayya

Wannan ya biyo ta wani fim "Kuban Cossacks", wanda ya zama mai sadaukarwa. Wannan romantic comedy, a cikin abin da M. Ladynina taka leda daya daga cikin mafi kyau matsayin, da kuma yanzu tana da girma shahararsa tsakanin movie masoya.

Yana daya daga karshe hadin gwiwa aiki. Ivan Pyryev, na sirri rayuwa, da kuma wanda har zuwa wannan lokaci ya kasance da batun tattaunawa a duk ribace-ribace sake burge kowa da kowa tare da m.

An fara aiki a kan fim "gwajin na fadanci" ko Pyrev kuma Ladynina iya ba zaton cewa hoton zai zama batun su annabci. Marina A. taka wata mace wadda mijinta ke kan. Yana da aka a wannan lokacin, Ivan Aleksandrovich ya gana da wani matashi actress Lyudmila Marchenko.

Ya, a matsayin balagagge mutumin, da dama cikin soyayya da wani saurayi kyakkyawa, barci ta da kyautai da sabon matsayin. Duk da haka, Lyudmila, da ya isa ga ubanninku, kõ kuwa kakanninsa ba da amsa zuwa ga da'awar Pyreva ba "eh" ko "a'a", tsoron fushin wani categorical ƙi m sarki. Sa'an nan ya mayar da iyali, sai ya bar sake. Yana tsawon shekaru da dama har Marina Alekseevna Ladynina ba yi na kisan aure. Reaction Pyreva, wanda a wancan batu na gane cewa Marchenko ba zai danganta shi da ransa, shi ne musamman m. Ya yi barazanar cewa Ladynina hasarar aikinsa, zai yi haka, da cewa babu darektan bai kira ta. Duk da haka, shi ne jin dadin wani karfi da hali, duk da haka saki. Kuma Ivan Pyrev, biography, na sirri rai wanda ya fara da za a tattauna a jam'iyyar taron, ya cika barazana, I Ya Ladyninoy kusan manta. Sai aka kira shi a kan kafet, don haka ya tsaya da zalunci na actress Lyudmila Marchenko, amma ya ce abin da shi ne ya karshe soyayya, kuma ba tare da Lyunechki (as ya kira Lyudmila), shi kawai zai yi aiki ba. A sa'an nan, Marchenko aure fiye da dalili wanda ba a iya lura da shi ba fushi Pyreva. Tare da shi, ya aikata wannan matsayin da Ladynina, ta domin hana gudanarwa gayyace ta don bayyana da kuma samar da cikas a cikin Theatrical aiki.

Ivan Pyryev da Lionella Pyreva: sirri rayuwa da kuma aiki a cikin shekaru 50 -60h

Bayan ritaya daga aiki a kai, ya yi nasarar kawar da wani karbuwa daga Dostoevsky ta "The wawa" labari. Duk da haka, wadannan aikinsa a kan labari na wannan Dostoevsky ta "White Nights" kasa.

A lokacin da na karshe m lokaci ya aka yafi tsunduma a zamantakewa. Pyrev an zabe mataimakin Koli Soviet da Tarayyar Soviet, da kuma daga baya ya yi aiki a matsayin mataimakin shugaban Greater Arts Council na ma'aikatar Cinematography da Tarayyar Soviet. Akwai kuma da m darektan "Mosfilm" kuma ko da ta darektan.

Ya daga baya aure actress, wanda ya zama na karshe matarsa. Yana Lionella Skirda. Ivan Pyryev da kuma mata sun kasance musamman theme a tattaunawa Metropolitan bohemians. Lionella ya matasa, fiye da mijinta domin shekaru 37. Bugu da kari, kamar yadda da'awar kusa Pyreva mutane, ya ba tsaya m ƙaryata shi Lyudmila Marchenko. The darektan ya a Jihar ciki, kuma wannan ya dauki matasa Lionella.

A karshe ranar rai

Lokacin da kungiyar Cinematographers, shirya Pyreva, samu fitarwa, ya rasa, sunã shiryarwa wurin zama zuwa wani mutum, kuma ya ci gaba da juya wani tsohon mafarki: fim karbuwa "The Brothers Karamazov." A farko jerin aka harbe. Total shirya sassa uku. Shĩ ne, kamar yadda ko da yaushe, ya yi aiki tare da cikakken ke e kanka. Fabrairu 7, 1968, ya koma gida, kamar yadda ya saba, marigayi, kuma gaji. Na tafi barci da kuma taba farka.

Haka ne, ya kasance mai kawo rigima adadi. Amma da ya bayar da gudunmawar da tarihi na Soviet cinema ne immeasurable. Ya halicci zane-zane, daga abin da fitowa farin ciki da kuma taushi. Indomitable, Indomitable, irrepressible, wannan ya Ivan Pyrev, wanda biography tabbatar masa dangane da duniya, su kaunaci. Ya so ya yi duk abin da daga rai da rai a kowace rana a matsayin karshe.