Ivan Puschin: biography, kerawa. Ayyukan Ivana Puschina

Puschin Ivan Ivanovich, wanda biography za a gabatar a wannan labarin, ya da Decembrists, marubucin na memoirs, collegiate assessor da kuma hukunci na kotun shari'a a Moscow. Amma mafi sani shi kamar yadda mafi kusa aboki na Pushkin.

Yarantaka Puschina Ivana Ivanovicha

A gwarzo da wannan labarin da aka haife shi a Marino (Moscow lardin) a 1798. Yaron ta mahaifinsa kuwa Sanata da kuma Laftanar-Janar Ivan Petrovich da Sunan tsohuwarsa Alexandra Mikhailovna. A shekarar 1811, kakana koro nan gaba Decembrists a Tsarskoye Selo lyceum a kan ilimi. Hakika, wannan ba daidai da abin da ya so kadan Puschin Ivan Ivanovich. Biography a lyceum aka alama ta wata babbar taron - idon sani da Pushkin. Shi ya faru a kan daya daga cikin jarrabawa, da kuma daga baya ci gaba a cikin wani dumi aminci. Bugu da ari rapprochement da gudummawar da kusanci na da dakuna. Kamar yadda Pushkin, kuma Leo aka tsunduma a cikin wannan da'irar. Duk da wannan, abokaina sãɓã wa jũna a kan batutuwa masu yawa. Fiye da sau daya suna da sabani game da wasu abubuwa da kuma mutane.

Kula a cikin sojojin

A shekara kafin samun digiri Pushin ga mutum na sarki da kansa ya kira kuma tambaye shi game da kasancewar dalibai, wanda ya so ya tafi zuwa cikin soja. Wadannan typed goma mutane, ciki har da Ivan. A wata sau a mako, da kuma Kanar Janar Levashev Knabenau tsunduma tare da su a cikin atisayen sojin a hussar fagen fama. Yaye "crept sama" jarrabawa da sauri. Aboki Pushkina Ivan Puschin ya yi bakin ciki saboda gaskiyar cewa nan da sannu da zuwa raba da abokansa, da suka zama iyali a lokacin binciken. A wannan lokaci, a cikin album na gwarzo wannan labarin na ga 'yan'uwanmu dalibai rubuta da dama waqe. Daga cikinsu akwai Illichevsky, Delvig Pushkin. Daga bisani, album wani wuri rasa.

Bauta a cikin rundunar sojojin

Nan da nan bayan kammala karatu daga lyceum Ivan Puschin, wani photo da za ka iya gani a cikin labarin, an ciyar da su shugabanni da saye a cikin uniform na Guards. Daga wannan lokaci kan hanyar zuwa Alexander wãtsattsiya. Af, Pushkin san kome ba game da abin da Ivan a lokacin da karatu ya dauki daya da'irar. Leo kawai lokaci-lokaci da aka ambata da ya membobinsu, amma kada ka gaya cikakkun bayanai. Oscho Za mu yi magana game da wannan daga baya. Ya kamata a lura cewa Alexander gaskiya bai sami fita.

Wani sabon gamuwa da Pushkin

A Janairu 1820 Ivan Puschin, wanda biography ne a da yawa wallafe-wallafen kundayen, ya tafi Bessarabia wa marasa lafiya da 'yar'uwarta. Akwai ya shafe watanni hudu. Akuma baya a kan Belarushiyanci hanyõyi, Ivan koro akwatin gidan tashar da ya faru a ga sunan a cikin bako littafin Pushkin. A Sufeto gaya masa cewa, Alexander aka je aiki. A gaskiya ma, cikin mawãƙi aka aiko gudun hijira zuwa kudu. "Ba zai zama da gratifying su rungume shi," - ya rubuta a cikin memoirs Puschin Ivan Ivanovich. Da abota da Pushkin koma kawai bayan shekaru biyar.

A 1825, da gwarzo wannan labarin, koya cewa Alexander aka aiko zuwa Pskov lardin. Kuma Ivan fito da wani karfi so zuwa ziyarci wani tsohon abokina. Don fara da ya yi nufin yi tafiya daga Moscow zuwa St Petersburg zuwa bikin Kirsimeti tare da iyalansu. Sa'an nan, ya tafi zuwa ga 'yar'uwa, da kuma daga can zuwa wuri na gudun hijira Pushkin - Mikhailovskoye kauyen. Abokai kokarin dissuade Ivan daga wannan tafiya, kamar yadda Alexander ya karkashin kulawa na ba kawai 'yan sanda amma kuma malamai. Amma Leo ba ya so ya saurare. Abokai saduwa a Janairu 1825, ya yi karfi ra'ayi a kan duka. Daga baya, Alexander rubuta waka game da shi. Yana shi ne na karshe taron.

Asiri da'irar

Abin da ba a gaya Pushkin Ivan Puschin a lokacin da karatu a Lycée? A wannan lokacin, da gwarzo wannan labarin ya faru da saduwa da mutanen da suka a nan gaba, ya halarci a cikin halittar Arewa Society, kungiyar Welfare da kuma abubuwan da suka faru a ranar 14 ga watan Disamba. Ivan ya kasance daya daga cikin mashahuran 'yan wannan da'irar. Domin wannan dalilin, da kuma soja sabis Puschina dade ba. Ta kawai bai ba shi da sarari ga ganin ya imani. Bayan tashi daga Ivan zauna a lardin ma'aikata, sa'an nan ya ɗauki hukunci ta wurin zama a cikin Farko Department na Moscow Kotun titi.

so ga canji

Service Change ne saboda gaskiya cewa gwarzo wannan labarin son sabunta da yanayi na burokrasi, wanda, a cikin ra'ayi, ya ba musty. A dukan wuraren da ya ci sarauta lalacewar chicanery da kuma cin hanci da rashawa. Ivan Puschin fatan cewa misali na gaskiya sabis don anfanin mutane karfafa manya to zaton da aikinsu na wanda yana da dukan iko ga tsayar.

arewa Society

A farkon rabin zamanin Alexander na sãɓã wa jũna gaisuwa yanayi saboda da Yunƙurin na zamantakewa sani. Amma sa'an nan kome canza. A gwamnatin da'irori canza ra'ayi kan da yawa zamantakewa al'amurran da suka shafi. Wannan gurgunta da begen wata makoma ga mutane da yawa daga cikin ci-gaba da'ira, daya daga wanda ya hada Ivan Puschin. A wannan batun, shi ya zo kan gaba wajen janye zuwa neman sauyi aiki. Bayyane tafiyar da irin wannan ayyuka iya ba, don haka kulake da aka canza kama zuwa wani m kungiyar.

Ivan ya memba na Arewa Society. The shugaban wannan kungiyar Ryleev, kazalika da Leo, koma daga soja zuwa farar hula. Tare suka yi yaƙi da jahilci da kuma mugunta. Amma kusa da 1825 da manufofin ƙara fara shiga cikin shirin. Ya zama dole mu yi wani abu. Kuma 'yan Arewa Society suka fara samar da wani shiri na mataki.

A tawaye na Decembrists

Disamba 14, 1825 Ivan Puschin tsaya tare da Obolensky a majalisar dattijai Square. Nan Kusa sun sauran Decembrists. Daga baya Kiichelbecker (mate lycée) bayar da shaida, a kansu. Ya ce cewa Odoyevski, Bestuzhev, Schepin-Rostovsky, Obolensky da kuma Leo suke shugabanni a yankin da kuma ya sa shi ya harba Gaba Voinov, Grand Duke. Ivan da kansa ya hana wannan la'anta. Leo ya sosai sha'awar ta cikin taron, kuma dauke shi da wani wanda ba a sani jami'in ba tare da hula. Kewaye da shi da aka gaya cewa wani ɗan leƙen asiri. Sa'an nan Ivan rika zama daga gare shi. Wanda aka aikata a buga da jami'in, da gwarzo wannan labarin ba gani. Saboda haka, tambaya cewa Leo yi a majalisar dattijai Square, shi ne har yanzu a bude. Ya bai ce wani abu game da shi, kuma da yawa bayan shekaru a "Notes na wani Decembrist."

tsaro

A yamma, Disamba 14, 1825 Ivan Puschin, wani photo cewa shi ne riga a cikin m karar Decembrists, aka kama tare da sauran 'yan Arewa Society. An tsare su a cikin Bitrus da Bulus sansanin soja. A lokacin interrogations, Ivan ko dai yi musu kome, ko da kome ba. A kotu sami Pushin laifin regicide a shiryawa da kuma halartar da shi. A gwarzo da wannan labarin da aka bayar da farko category ranking jihar mãsu laifi. Karshe hukunci - kisa ta hanyar fille. Bayan wata shida, da kotu raga masu azaba, tauye Ivan darajõji, kuma kore shi har abada naƙudarta a Siberia. A 'yan watanni ajalin da aka rage zuwa shekaru 20.

naƙudarta

Bayan isowa a Siberia Ivan Puschin, wanda biography da aka sani ga duk Raya Makon Pushkin, ya shekaru da dama a kurkuku. Ransa ya ba da wuya musamman. Kuma kalmar "bautar" da aka amfani da Decembrists, wanda yana zaune a daban-daban gidajen yarin, kawai a wani al'ada ma'ana. Suka zauna a kusa-saƙa da iyali, hosting wani barikin wani abu kamar University tafiyar da shafi tunanin mutum aiki. Leo ma tare da Mukhanov Zavalishin da kuma kafa wani kananan kungiya. Ta taimake galihu mambobin da suka zo a kauyen. Kuma duk da haka akwai wani jarida m cewa samar da Decembrists kwafi da littattafai na daban-daban batutuwa (ciki har da haramta).

Da yake a cikin Chita kurkuku, Leo koma "Notes Franklin." Ivan aka tsunduma kawai a kashi na farko. Biyu fassara abokinsa - Shteygel. Shirye "Notes Franklin" aika dangi Mukhanova, amma abin takaici, rubutun aka rasa. Ivan roughing wannan misali da za a halaka su a lokacin da dubawa Burg, tun da tawada da aka haramta, da kuma shirya su Decembrists fasakwauri.

yammacin Siberia

Godiya ga Highest Shelar 1839 Pushin saki daga naƙudarta. Ya aka fitar da su shirya a birnin Turinsk (Western Siberia) a 1840. A shekaru hudu, Ivan yi aiki da farko karanta littattafai. Siberian sauyin yanayi adversely shafi kiwon lafiya. Daga 1840 zuwa Pushchin yau da kullum hali na kullum seizures. A wannan connection, ya rubuta wata takarda don canja wurin zuwa Yalutorovsk. Yana da aka ba, da kuma bayan zuwa na Ivan rayu a cikin wannan gidan tare da Obolensky. Sa'an nan, dangane da aure aboki Leo koma cikin wani raba Apartment.

Bugu da kari ga Ivan, Yalutorovsk sun sauran Decembrists. Basargin, Tizengauzen, Iakushkin, Ants-Apostol, da dai sauransu su a kai a kai ya tafi a kan wata ziyara da gwarzo wannan labarin. A wadannan tarurruka da Decembrists buga katunan, tattauna latest siyasa aukuwa da kuma sauransu. N. Ivan kamu da noma da kuma ciyar da yawa lokaci a cikin lambu. Amma ya kiwon lafiya bai inganta. Leo orafin Gorchakov (Gwamna-Janar na Yammacin Siberia) don canja wurin zuwa Tobolsk ga shawara tare da likitoci.

Magani da kuma 'yancin

Bayan motsi, da farko magani daga Ivan ya dan sauki. A Tobolsk ya ga wani madugun aboki Bobrischevym-Pushkin. Tare da abokai yi aiki a kan fassarar Pascal. Bayan ya dawo zuwa Leo don wani lokaci ya kasance a cikin lafiya mai kyau, amma nan da nan da kai hare-hare a koma. A 1849, ya sake tambaya Gorchakov aika da shi domin magani. A wannan lokaci a Turin ruwa. All tafiya kudi da aka biya daga cikin taskar. Akwai Leo gan Bestuzhev da sauran gwarazansa. Bayan wata shida, Ivan koma zuwa Yalutorovsk. A kan 'yancin da gwarzo da wannan labarin ya zo bayan da manifesto a 1856, ya ciyar a hijira saboda shekaru 16.

'yan shekarun nan

A 1858, Puschin Ivan Ivanovich, wanda biography da aka sani zuwa ga mutane da yawa Raya Makon Pushkin aure Natalia Fonvizina (sanannen Decembrist matarsa, wanda ya mutu a 1854). A 'yan watanni bayan bikin aure, da gwarzo wannan labarin ya mutu. Pushin Bronnitsi binne a kusa da babban coci. A kabarin ne dake kusa da kabarin Fonvizina M. A.

The ayyukan Puschina Ivana Ivanovicha

Bugu da kari ga "Notes Franklin" ambata a sama, rubuta ta da gwarzo wannan labarin ya kasance a cikin "Notes on zumuncin da Pushkin" (1859) da kuma "Notes na wani Decembrist" (1863). A farko a wani cikakken tsari daga cikin aiki Maikova game da biography na mawãƙi ne. Ivan Alexander ya ga mafi m ji daga lokacin na binciken a lyceum. Saboda haka, "Notes" da aka imbued tare da ƙaunar 'yan'uwa kuma m kawance.

Wannan aikin Pushin Ivan Ivanovich ba iyaka. Ya kuma rike "Haruffa daga Yalutorovsk" (1845) zuwa Engelhardt. Su Ivan ya ce tsohon darektan naka rayuwa. Ya kuma hannun jari da tunani game da Siberian umarni, jami'an kananan hukumomi da kuma dokar 1842, bayan da ta manoma, ya ba da ƙasar a mallaka, bayar da magani free aiki. A general, rubuta zuwa Engelhardt dauke da wani yawa na kyau maki, musamman ga ci-gaba, ilimi mutum.