Ina chipmunks a cikin yanayi?

A Latin, da sunan da aka rattaba kalma Chipmunks Tamias. Game da Rasha sunayen, akwai iri biyu daga cikin asalin. Daya daga cikinsu - wajen samo da canji na Tatar harshe, inda "Chipmunk" da aka rubuta a matsayin "boryndyk". Zabi na biyu - da aka samu daga kalmar Mari uromdok, amma magoya bayan wannan version kadan.

Squirrels suke shiga ko'ina a North America, suka zauna kusan dukan nahiyar. Suna zaune duk data kasance iri tare da togiya na Asiya ko Siberian chipmunk, wadda ake samu a Eurasia da kuma a Rasha.

bayyanar

Dangane da irin dabbobi isa wani size of 5 zuwa 15 santimita, da wutsiya iya zama daga 7 zuwa 12 santimita. Weight jeri daga 20 zuwa 120 grams. Chipmunks All da abu daya a cikin kowa - sanduna biyar, wanda aka located a kan mayar da tare da tsawon.

Tsakanin wani tsiri rabu baki ko launin toka Lines. Sauran dabbobi Jawo iya zama ja-kasa-kasa ko launin ruwan kasa-baki. Saboda da kusa kama mafi jinsunan chipmunks wuya a bambanta daga juna. A total akwai 3 iri hakori, amma kowane daya kara zuwa kashi 24 sub-jinsuna, don haka da cewa da yawa tare da membobinsu kawai kwararru iya zuwa a musamman iyali.

Ina chipmunks? Hotuna, yankin na rarraba jinsunan

Kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, a manyan yawan dabbobi da suke zaune a Arewacin Amirka. Rarraba chipmunks haka yadu cewa an same su a tsakiyar Mexico, da kuma Arctic Circle. American chipmunk zaune a cikin gabashin ɓangare na Arewacin Nahiyar Amirka, tare da 23 subspecies da ake samu a yammacin ɓangare.

Yana da ban sha'awa mu san inda ya na zaune chipmunk a wani sashi na Rasha. Wannan ne Far East, Magadan yankin, Sakhalin Island. Rare, amma faruwa a Kamchatka. Amma mafi yawansu duk ya ke liking Pine da deciduous gandun daji na Primorye Abuja. A da kyau shekaru, yawan dabbobi da 1 square km ne 200-300 guda.

A Tsakiya Turai akwai chipmunks, wanda ya tsere daga gonaki inda suka bred, kuma sun iya daidaita da wa daji. A karshen irin - a kananan kurege cewa kawaici a cikin ƙasa na Canada.

habitats

Squirrels kasance a cikin kurege iyali da kuma masu kama da gina jiki. Duk da haka, tsakanin iri biyu ne babban bambanci. Squirrels fi son ciyar mai yawa lokaci a cikin itatuwa, yayin da chipmunks zauna a ƙasar. Mafi sau da yawa an same su a cikin gandun daji, amma wani lokacin shirya a bude yanki overgrown tare da sarƙaƙƙiya.

Gandun daji, inda ya na zaune a chipmunk a zone, dangane da wuri. Alal misali, a Amirka - yana da deciduous gandun daji ne tartsatsi a cikin New England, a Rasha - da taiga, da kuma Canada - coniferous gandun daji.

Duk da cewa chipmunks zauna a ƙasar, da itatuwa suke bukata. Kamar yadda wani janar mulki, inda suke zaune chipmunks, inda akwai auku itatuwa, a manyan yawan auku itatuwa, kuma ƙasa ke rufe da shuke-shuke, inda shi ne dace don boye.

Yana sanya da Chipmunks suna neman, kuma idan itatuwa a ƙasa akwai, amma shrubs densely rufe ƙasa, za su iya daidaita da nan. Wani muhimmin umurni ne cewa gaba tafki. Saboda haka, duba ga inda chipmunks rayuwa a cikin yanayi, ya zama a cikin dazuzzuka - a kan bankunan na koguna da tabkuna.

mazauninsu hakori

Don sa gidan wani chipmunk Burrow jan kanta. Its tsawon na iya zama har zuwa 3 m, da rami da aka kullum branched. A rami ake bukata a yi biyu rassan cewa ƙare a cikin matattu iyakar - ne toilets dabba.

Ko da yaushe suna da wani 'yan closets ga kayayyaki da rai bariki. Su layi da kasa bar hakori. Ga su yi barci a cikin hunturu da kuma da dare, kazalika da yara, ana haifuwarsu ne, kuma girma a nan. Lokacin da digging wani rami, suka boye da ƙasa a cikin ta kumatunta da kuma gudanar da shi daga wurin da suke zaune. Squirrels a cikin dazuzzuka boye ƙofar rami a hankali. Shi ne a karkashin auku itatuwa, shrubs a daji, a karkashin tsohuwar banza dungu. Nemo mink ba tare da taimakon wani kare ne kusan ba zai yiwu.

rayuwa hakori

Squirrels son zafi da kuma ƙi ruwan sama. Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa aka nuna su a cikin dumi weather, da kuma wasanni, kuma idan sun kasance dumi. A ware ne nau'in da cewa rayuwa, a wurare da m ruwan sama.

A cikin hunturu, da dabbobi hibernate, amma ba kamar yadda karfi da gophers. Su lokaci zuwa lokaci tashi da kuma goyan bayan da kaya na closets. Barci chipmunk, sa wani muzzle a ciki ko mai karkatar da m wutsiya.

A farkon spring, mazaunan burrows, wanda aka located a kan m gangara da farko free of snow, je ga bincike. A wannan lokaci, The Chipmunks har yanzu m, ku ciyar biyu zuwa uku a waje da kuma fi son zuwa bask a rana. Mafi sau da yawa da suka za a iya gani a kan na fi itatuwa a rana.

A irin wannan lokaci chipmunks bã su tafiya da nisa daga rami. Su cinye buds a kusa da shuke-shuke, ko mai gina jiki hunturu hannun jari. A lokacin da rana warms, hakori ja damp hannun jari da kuma sanya su su bushe a rana. Idan dumi kwanaki ba da hanya su kwantar sake, da dabbobi waɗanda aka aika zuwa rami da kuma jira wannan bazara.

A lokacin rani, a cikin zãfi, chipmunks tafi a kan iska farkon isa, amma har ƙasa warmed. Ayyukansu da suke yi kafin tsakar rana, na biyu fita - da yamma. A wuraren da yanayin ne consistently dumi da kuma a can ne babu zafi ko sanyi, chipmunks za a iya gani duk rana. A cikin kaka da dabbobi fita daga burrows bayan iska ne mai tsanani. Wannan ya ci gaba har, har sai ya zama mai sanyi.

Dabbobi ba kawo ruwan sama da kuma kyau kwarai ji su. A wurare inda live chipmunks, 'yan sa'o'i kafin farkon na ruwan sama da suka samu a kan hemp da kuma bayar da wani musamman sautin da daban-daban daga al'ada "tattaunawa."

zurriyar

Chipmunks fi son su rayu shi kadai da kuma kishi su tsare Apartments. A lokaci na marufai suka sadarwa da akasin jima'i, sa'an nan zuriya bayyana. Yana faruwa a May, da kuma sake a watan Agusta. A cikin bazara, kafin a haifi zuriya, chipmunk iya zabi kamar yadda gidan da tsohon m, saboda bai yi tunani a game da hunturu da kuma itatuwa m abokan gaba.

Siberian chipmunk kawo zuriyarsa sau daya. Yawan jariri ne 4-8 samfurori. Su dangi daga America haihu sau biyu tare da 3-4 hudu kwiyakwiyanta. Squirrels zama jima'i balagagge a cikin shekarar farko ta rayuwa. Cikin daji rayuwa dabba rayuwa ne shekaru 3 a bauta adadi iya isa shekaru 10.

Sun chipmunks dogon lokaci zuwa ciyar lokaci a cikin gida. Lokacin da su ne isasshe balagagge, suka fara duba for abinci kusa da ƙofar. A hankali za a fara ya kuskura ya m da nisa daga rami.

Duk da yake matasa kananan mace ne kusa da ƙofar rami da kuma a yanayin saukan hadari fara sniff anxiously. Sa'an nan da yara da sauri gudu da baya, furta squeals baya.

makiya

A kananan hakori, da yawa daga makiya. Wannan predatory tsuntsaye, kananan dabbobi, da mutane da kuma wani lokacin bears. Recent yawanci tono burrows kuma chipmunks ci su reserves. Lokacin da wata dabba dabam bisa ga abokan gaba, shi yana farawa da damuwa ga cheep a yau da kullum jinkiri.

Bayan wannan, chipmunks yarda kusa da abokan gaba, a wata nisa da mita 30, kuma an hankali la'akari. A cikin hali na Hatsarin fara gudu, yin m firgita amo irin na jemage. Squirrels sau da yawa boye su daga bin sawun a daji ko kokarin hawa wata itaciya. Don Burrow su ne ba abokan gābansu.

abinci

Main abinci hakori - shi ne cewa ya iya samun a cikin dazuzzuka. Wannan shi ne yafi na shuka abinci, amma wani lokacin a can iya zama kananan kwari. Squirrels son ci koda wake, hazelnuts, shuka harbe. Idan akwai girma da wani ciyawa, da chipmunks farin ciki ci da hatsi tare da su.

Wani lokaci wadannan dabbobi iya zama real kwari. Tare da kananan size na filin, wanda aka located kusa da Burrow, inda chipmunks rayuwa a cikin gandun daji, za ka iya gaba daya rasa da girbi. Duk wannan ya tilasta kananan hakori. Bugu da kari ga wannan, chipmunks ciyar a kan berries, namomin kaza, zai iya ci apricots da sauran 'ya'yan itatuwa, da gangan aka dasa kusa mutane kusa da Burrow.

hunturu hannun jari

Hannun jari chipmunk sosai bambancin. A cikin shakka ne duk wani nau'i na abinci, wanda ya iya samun a kusa da rami. A stock aka gudanar a ko'ina cikin dukan zamanin da wakefulness.

Bisa ga masu bincike 'lissafin, inda chipmunks rayuwa a Rasha, da hunturu abinci wadata kai game 6 kilo. Duk da abinci dabba ya raba a bayyanar, kuma ko da hatsi daga daban-daban al'adu ne a daban-daban tara. Dukan abinci ne jikinta kuma ta tashi a gado na bushe ciyawa ko ganye, kuma da juna tara rabu da partitions daga itãce.

Abin sha'awa akwai procuring hatsi. Idan kunnuwa ba girma ma kusa, dabba ya nẽmi arziki hatsi shuka da kuma tsalle a kan shi. A karkashin nauyi na kara bends kuma, rike da ƙafafunsa, chipmunk cizon kansa karu.

Bayan haka, ya robs hatsi, boyewa da kumatun, da runs a Burrow. Idan stalks girma kusa da karkatar su babu wata hanyar da chipmunk nadkusyvaet kara muddin samun da tsaba.