ICSI - Ciki. ICSI hanya ce. Menene bambanci tsakanin IVF da ECO + ICSI?

Ƙididdigar yawan ma'aurata marasa rinjaye sun iya zama iyaye na jariran da aka dade da yawa saboda gabatarwa da fasaha masu tallafi. Wucin gadi a vitro hadi (IVF) - mafi m hanya. Alamar da ta yi amfani da ita ita ce nau'i na rashin haihuwa, mace da namiji. Dangane da ilimin lissafi, tasiri na hanya zai iya zuwa 50% ko mafi girma. Samun ICSI-wani haɓakar IVF ne mai tasiri sosai.

A bit of history

A karo na farko an yi amfani da hadewar in vitro a Ingila a shekarar 1976. Amma, abin takaici, wannan ciki ne ectopic (ectopic). Amma tun 1978, Haihuwar Hall - ɗan fari "daga jaririn gwajin" an haife su a cikin asibiti. Mahaifiyarsa, Louise Brown, ta cire matukan fallopian. Kuma a 1993 a Belgium, na farko ICSI-Fertility. Bayani game da hanya, don mafi yawancin, yayi magana game da tasirin wannan hanya. Amma kowace shari'ar ta zama na musamman, kuma ba shakka babu wata ƙarfin tabbaci ga duka sakamako mai kyau da kuma mummunar sakamako.

Ta yaya hanya na in vitro hadi da aka gudanar?

Da farko, kuna buƙatar shan jarrabawa sosai. Tun lokacin da aka gudanar da aikin "in vitro", daga jiki na mace da namiji an cire jinsin jima'i. Don yin wannan, amfani da kwayoyi a nan gaba uwar ta da maturing na qwai da kuma shirya endometrium for ciki. Bayan kai ga sigogi da ake buƙata, hanyar hanyar fashewa daga ovary ta cire ƙwai. Domin hadi ya faru, an saka su a cikin wani gwajin gwaji tare da ruwa mai zurfi, inda yanayin ya kasance kama da na halitta. Bayan kwana uku zuwa biyar, ana amfani da amfrayo masu iyawa zuwa ɗakin kifin. A matsayinka na mai mulki, sau uku ko hudu an sauya shi, kamar yadda kwayoyin mace zasu iya yarda da su kuma ɗayan su zai ci gaba. Amma saboda sakamakon IVF, zubar da ciki na iya faruwa.

Menene bambanci tsakanin IVF da ECO + ICSI?

Tare da gargajiya na IVF, ana sanya kwayar halitta, tare da spermatozoa, a matsakaici na musamman, inda haɗuwa ta samo asali (hanyar gabatar da kai ga spermatozoon a cikin cytoplasm na kwai). Hanyar ICSI Hada gabatar da kwayar jini a cikin kwai ta allura tare da allurar ƙwayar maɓallin. Daga ingancin maniyyi, ciki da kuma mita na farko, a matsayin mai mulkin, kada ku dogara. Hanyar yana buƙatar kasancewar akalla ɗigon ruwa guda ɗaya.

Yaya aikin ICSI ke aiki?

Bayan kammala duk matakai na shiri (kamar yadda yake da IVF): ƙarfafawa daga ovaries, fashewa, tattarawa da kuma sarrafa maniyyi, shiri na kwai don haɗuwa farawa. Don yin wannan, mai amfrayo yana amfani da haɗin gwargwado na musamman don cire matakan tsaro. A ƙarƙashin ƙananan microscope, an zaɓi mafi yawan maniyyi mafi mahimmanci. Ana sanya dukkan kwayoyin guda biyu a cikin matsakaici na ƙwararrun ƙwararru tare da yawan zafin jiki mai dacewa. Bayan haka, ta yin amfani da micropipette na musamman, gyara ƙwayar kwai, rarrabe wutsiya daga maniyyi kuma sanya shi a cikin microneedle. Masanin tayi amfani da manipulators yana da hankali sosai, yana lura da abin da ke faruwa a cikin microscope kuma yana sarrafa kowanne daga cikin ƙungiyoyi ya gabatar da kwayar cikin kwayar. Hanyar ICSI ta cika yanzu. Yanzu wajibi ne a jira ga haɗuwa kuma kashi na farko na tantanin halitta zai faru. Menene bambanci tsakanin IVF da ECO + ICSI? Baya ga hanyar tsarawa? Tsayayyar magana, bambance-bambance sun ƙare a can. Bayan nasara hadi, mace za ta zama a karkashin m dubawa na likitoci kazalika bayan IVF.

A wane yanayi ne tsarin ICSI ya nuna?

Samarwa ta ICSI da za'ayi a karkashin mafi tsanani siffofin namiji rashin haihuwa, untreatable. Alal misali:

• Azoospermia - cikakken rashi spermatozoa a cikin ejaculate.

• Teratozoospermia - kasancewar spermatozoa, yana da tsari na al'ada, a cikin adadin kasa da 14%.

• Oligozoospermia - rashin adadin spermatozoa.

• Ba tare da raguwa ba.

• Yanayin bayan kwatsam.

Bugu da ƙari, hanyar ICSI An yi amfani dashi ga alamun matalauta na samfurori da samfurori da yawa, ƙananan ƙwayar "spam" spermatozoa, ƙananan ƙoƙarin ƙoƙarin IVF na baya, rashin haihuwa daga tushen asali.

Yaya za a shirya don hanya?

Kafin tsarin ICSI, mace da namiji dole ne suyi gwaje-gwajen da dama:

• Nau'in jini, Rh factor;

• Syphilis;

• AIDS;

• Hepatitis C, B.

Sakamakon gwaje-gwaje na da amfani ga watanni uku masu zuwa.

Dole ne mace ta yi irin wannan karatu kamar:

• jini bincike a kan hormones (FSH, LH, prolactin, estradiol, testosterone, progesterone, TTG, DHA-S).

• Hoto daga sassan jikin jini don kasancewa da ciwon boye da kuma STDs;

• A biochemical da kuma na asibiti jini gwaji;

• Urinalysis ne na kowa;

• Smear a kan flora;

• Yin bincike akan jini.

Har ila yau, shirye-shirye na ICSI ya haɗa da shawarwarin da ya dace tare da likitan ilimin lissafi, don ƙayyade yiwuwar takaddama.

Ga maza, binciken da ya fi muhimmanci a cikin shirya don hanyar haɗuwa shi ne samfurori. Ta hanyar wannan bincike ne aka ƙaddara ikon mutum na yin ciki. Siffar tazarar ta nuna nau'ikan samfurori da samfurori na spermatozoa, kuma ya ƙunshi waɗannan binciken:

• Spermotest - bincike na iyawar spermatozoa don kula da motsi a cikin gwajin gwaji;

• kayyade adadin na leucocytes a maniyyi .

• Binciken cututtuka;

• MART-gwajin;

• Analysis of syear shafa.

A ranar yaduwar kwanciya, an hana mace ta dauki abinci, sha kawai bayan izinin likita. Mutum na kwana uku zuwa hudu kafin hanyar ya kamata ya guje wa jima'i, cikin 'yan kwanaki kada ku dauki barasa.

Tabbatar da aikin

ICSI-hadi yana haifar da ƙaddamarwa cikin 30-60% na lokuta. Ya dogara da yanayin jinsin jima'i na mata da maza (yiwuwar daya daga cikin su na ɗauke da kwayoyin halitta), da kuma cancanta na likitan halitta wanda ya yi aiki (a lokacin aikin, yakin kwai zai iya lalacewa). Idan hadi ya faru, yiwuwar cewa sabon kwayar halitta zai bunkasa amfrayo mai kyau 90-95%. Ya kamata a lura cewa sakamakon da aka samu don ɗaukar juna masu yawa suna da kasa fiye da yadda aka haifa. Idan an samu nau'o'in nuclei saboda sakamakon, za'a iya kiyaye su da nitrogen. Irin wannan embryos bazai rasa halayensu ko da bayan 'yan shekaru.

Menene zai iya tasiri sakamakon sakamakon?

Nasara ICSI-Fertility Ya dogara da dalilai daban-daban:

• Shekaru na abokan tarayya;

• Sanadin rashin haihuwa;

• Clinics;

• Ƙwarewar likita;

• Jihar na kwan.

Domin sakamako mai kyau na hanya, mai amfani da spermatozoa, wanda aka samo daga namiji mai yadawa, da kuma anacytes mata masu kyau. Idan mutum bai da aiki na spermatozoa, yiwuwar haɗuwa ya ragu.

Zabi na likitaccen kwayar halitta

Matsayi mai muhimmanci yana da tasirin gaske akan ci gaban amfrayo. Sau da yawa dalilin hadarin haihuwa ba shi da ƙwayar magungunan marasa lafiya a cikin jigilar. Zamanin spermatozoon mai tsayi zai iya ɗaure ga hyaluronic acid. Yana kan wannan cewa hanyar da za a zaɓan tantanin tantanin halitta ya zama tushen. Masanin likitancin likita ya zaɓi mai karfin spermatozoa wanda ya dace da kwayoyin halitta tare da hyalorunan. Wadannan kwayoyin halitta ne marasa lafiya wadanda za a yi amfani dashi ga tsarin ICSI.

ICSI-haɗuwa: farashin hanya

Kowace rana yawancin mata suna sha'awar tasiri, farashin wannan hanya, neman mafi kyau asibiti don hanya. A Rasha, kimanin farashin daya ƙoƙari na ICSI-hadi shi ne 150-200 dubu rubles. Kasashen waje, farashin wannan hanya shine mafi girma. A Isra'ila - kimanin sau 2. A Amurka, Jamus, Switzerland - sau 3-4.

Matsaloli masu yiwuwa

Duk da amfani mai yawa, ICSI-hadi Yana da sake dawowa mai zurfi - zabin yanayi ba ya aiki a nan. Wannan shi ne musamman ga magoya bayan namiji da ciwon cututtukan cututtuka (misali, ƙwayar cutar Kleinfelter da sauransu) waɗanda basu iya yin amfani da su ba tare da amfani da hanyoyi masu mahimmanci ba. Irin waɗannan nau'ikan kwayoyin halitta za a iya gadon kuma bayyana bayan shekaru masu yawa. Kwayoyin halittar kasa a yara masu zuwa ba su bunkasa saboda hanyar IVF. Duk da haka, rashin haihuwa na iyaye na iya rinjayar lafiyar 'ya'yan. Don tabbatar da yiwuwar chromosomal da cututtukan kwayoyin halitta a cikin wani amfrayo, an bada shawarar yin kwaskwarima na farko. Ana iya yin wannan a mataki na fiye da blastomeres shida.

Waɗanne hanyoyi ne na wanzuwar in vitro wanzu?

GIFT - oocytes da spermatozoa (halayen) ana canjawa zuwa ga tubunan fallopian, idan akalla ɗaya daga cikin su yana da high-sa.

ZIFT - hada da ocytes (zygotes) ana kai su zuwa shafukan fallopian.

OD - aiyukan oocyte bayarwa , ya bi ta hanyar jigilar tayi a cikin mahaifa retsipientki. Ana amfani da wannan hanya ne idan babu ovaries a cikin mace ko cin zarafin ayyukansu, cututtukan mahaifa a cikin mahaifiyarta, masu makirci.

Matsayin 'uwa' uwa '' - 'yan uwan mahaifa na mahaifa domin daukar ciki suna canjawa zuwa cikin mahaifa na wata mace. Dalili na wannan zai iya kasancewa babu ko rashin ƙarfi na mahaifa, amma tare da adana aikin ovaries.

Hanya na IVF, hakika, tana da tsada da cin lokaci, kayan aiki da ake bukata don hadi ba a samuwa a duk dakunan shan magani, yana da wuya a sami likita mai likita. Duk da haka, irin wannan shirin yana ba da dama ga ma'aurata marasa jima'i su sami babban farin ciki na iyaye da kuma iyaye.