Hydatid cuta: abin da shi ne. Ganewar asali da kuma lura da echinococcosis

Na tabbata mutane da yawa sun ji labarin irin wannan cuta a matsayin hydatid cuta. Mene ne wannan? Abin da ya haddasa cutar? Mene ne bayyanar cututtuka da kuma shi yana tare da wasu hatsari ya shafi? Wannan bayani zai zama ban sha'awa ga masu karatu da dama.

Hydatid mafitsara - abin da yake da shi?

Parasitic cututtuka iya wuya a yi la'akari da rarity a duniya a yau. Kuma sau da yawa a cikin likita yi fuskanci wata cuta kira hydatid cuta. Mene ne wannan? A gaskiya, wannan shi ne mai gwada da rare cuta da cewa tasowa a kan backdrop na shigar azzakari cikin farji cikin jiki tapeworm larvae tapeworm Echinococcus glanulosus.

Cutar da ake tare da samuwar cysts a cikin jikin mutum, wanda aka rarraba ta hanyar bugawa wasu gawawwaki da cewa, bi da bi, take kaiwa zuwa wani take hakkin su aiki. A rashin dace da daidai lura da cutar take kaiwa zuwa tsanani, m rikitarwa.

cuta epidemiology

Kamar yadda aka ambata a riga, to date, hydatid cuta an dauke su a gwada rare cuta. A daya hannun, a wasu kasashe da yankuna, shi ne musamman na kowa. Alal misali, annobar cutar sukan lura a cikin kasashen Kudancin Amirka, ciki har da Chile, Uruguay, Brazil, Argentina. Cutar da ake kuma sau da yawa bincikar lafiya a mutane na arewacin Afirka, New Zealand, Australia, ta Kudu Turai, Indiya, Japan da kuma wasu wasu.

Kamar yadda na Rasha, akwai wani flash na echinococcosis, yafi rubuce a cikin yankunan inda ci gaban dabba husbandry. Wannan Samara, Orenburg, Volgograd da Rostov yankuna, da kuma Stavropol, Altai, Khabarovsk yankin, Tatarstan, Bashkorstan da kuma wasu sauran yankunan. A Ukraine, cutar da aka yada yafi a cikin kudancin yankunan.

Description na pathogen na adult

Echinococcus granulosis - da causative wakili na cutar kira hydatid cuta. Photo nuna balagaggu irin na m. A gaskiya, shi ne mafi karami tapeworm, wanda jiki tsawon bata wuce 8-9 mm. An adult nau'i na tsutsa yana da wani shugaban, wuyansa da jiki, kunsha na 3-4 segments. The shugaban da m "sanye take da" hudu suckers, da kuma jeri biyu na hooks.

Da zarar a jikin karshe rundunar, Echinococcus via tsotsa kofuna da kuma hooks gyarawa a kan kananan hanji mucosa, inda ya kai gare shi mafarki da kuma fara radiyo. Kamar yadda mai mulkin, na karshe kashi a jiki na m ƙunshi qwai. Wadannan segments an lokaci-lokaci zo kashe, haifar da qwai a fada cikin external yanayi tare da tumbi na dabba.

Mafitsara da kuma musamman ta aiki

Man ne tsaka-tsaki mai gida ga tapeworm - wani m cikin jikinsa ya kai lokacin balaga, kuma ba jinsi. Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa a zamani magani kashi adam m data ne wani nau'i ne na nazarin halittu matattu karshen.

Bayan shigarwa cikin jiki ta fara ci gaba da tsutsa larvae. Af, hydatid cutar da ake fi kamu a yara, tun da yiwuwar kamuwa da cuta ƙaruwa tare da gazawar cika da kiwon lafiya dokoki, wanda ba nadiri a cikin matasa marasa lafiya. A karkashin mataki na narkewa kamar juices saki daga amfrayo da kuma harsashi ratsa cikin mucosal nama na gastrointestinal fili. Riga nan shi saukin samun shiga cikin jini, kuma Lymph, tare da wata igiya cewa shimfidawa da sauri zuwa daban-daban a jikinsu. Mafi sau da yawa shi ne hanta da kuma huhu, ko da yake yana iya haifar da wani tsari. A nan akwai canji a cikin tayi tsutsa kumfa tsari, wanda ake kira da mafitsara.

Ta yaya za ka samun kamuwa?

Kamar yadda aka ambata riga, da tabbatacce Runduna ne kare tapeworm, akalla - mai cat. Balagagge qwai da tapeworms excreted da tumbi, sa'an nan ya shiga cikin external yanayi a cikin ƙasa, ciyawa, kayan lambu, 'ya'yan itatuwa, da dai sauransu Hakika, za ka iya karba da kamuwa da cuta ta hanyar cin marsa wanki abinci, ko ta wani hanya a lamba tare da kamuwa da stool ...

Bugu da ƙari kuma, a cikin jikin mutum da exciter ratsa arancinsu gasashe ko dafa nama. Kuma kamuwa da cuta da aka yada ta jiki lamba tare da kamuwa da karnuka. Af, shi ke sa hydatid cuta a cikin yara ne sosai na kowa, a gaskiya, su sau da yawa manta to, ku wanke hannuwansu.

Babban bayyanar cututtuka da cutar

Hydatid cutar da ake fi kamu a yara, ko da yake yiwuwar faru na da cuta a cikin wani mafi girma shi ne ma quite high. Yau yanke shawarar ware hudu, saukarwa da cutar:

• Latent mataki a cikin abin da kayadadden cututtuka su ne kusan ba ya nan. A wannan lokaci, da kamuwa da mutum, hexacanth sarrafawa da kuma ta sauka a hankali girma. Ya kamata a lura da cewa, tsawon lokacin da wannan lokaci ya dogara da wuri daga cikin mafitsara - a wasu mutane da cutar ba a yin kanta ji tsawon shekaru da dama.
• A karo na biyu, da farko mataki echinococcosis kayadadden bayyanar cututtuka bayyana. Yana iya zama daga lokaci zuwa lokaci akwai zafi, rashin jin daɗi ko rauni. Mafi sau da yawa, marasa lafiya duk zargi a kan janar malaise, da kuskure a cikin abinci, da sauransu. D.
• Mataki na uku na yana tare da tsanani cututtuka da ake dangantawa da wani gagarumin karuwa a cikin size of cysts. Ilimi yana farawa don damfara da m nama, ciki har da jini, jijiyoyi, bile ducts da kuma kama. D.
• A mataki na huɗu suka ce a kuma waɗannan lokuta, idan haƙuri yana da rikitarwa. A mafi hatsari ne cysts katsewa.

Hanta nau'i na cutar

Mafi sau da yawa, echinococcosis (photo nuna a sama) ne daukan hankali ne hanta. Bisa kididdigar da, fiye da 70% na oncosphere pathogen da aka sarrafa a cikin hanta kyallen takarda. A farkon matakai da cutar na faruwa ba tare da wani bayyanar cututtuka.

A cikin mataki na biyu akwai fasali kamar tashin zuciya da kuma amai, da kuma ci hasara. Marasa lafiya kuma koka da m gajiya da kuma rage cika. Daga lokaci zuwa lokaci akwai stitching sha raɗaɗin a dama hypochondrium. Wani lokaci ciwo kara zuwa epigastric yankin. Lura da canje-canje a stool da ake dangantawa da rushewa daga cikin al'ada narkewa kamar tsari.

A cikin uku mataki da haƙuri ana ƙwarai rincabewa. Zai yiwu ga cigaban wani ƙurji, mai tsanani zafi a cikin sama ciki, kazalika da karuwa a yawan zafin jiki. Mafitsara katsewa - mafiya hatsari wahala wanda zai iya sa hydatid cuta daga cikin hanta. A lura a cikin wannan harka dole ne a da za'ayi nan da nan, kamar yadda cysts ingress abun ciki a cikin nama da kuma jini fraught m rashin lafiyan dauki har da ci gaban anaphylactic buga.

A na huhu nau'i na echinococcosis

Hydatid cuta na huhu - na biyu ya fi na kowa nau'i na cutar. Kamar yadda a baya harka, da kananan size na mafitsara iya ba ya haifar da wani cikas. Amma kamar yadda wannan tsarin ci gaban auku squeezing huhu nama, bronchi da kuma tasoshin.

A matakin farko na huhu hydatid cutar tare da numfashi matsaloli. A musamman, marasa lafiya sau da yawa koka da nakasa daga 'ya'yan numfashi, da a sau akwai zafi a kirji. Bugu da kari, wani tari. Da farko, shi ne bushe da damu da lafiya mafi yawa a dare. Amma sai lokacin da ka tari fara tsaya surkin jini sputum.

Mafitsara katsewa ne musamman m kuma yana tare da wani karfi tari, cyanosis, tsammãni ciwon huhu da kuma mai tsanani rashin lafiyan halayen. Idan mafitsara karya a cikin pleura, wani babban yiwuwar wani anaphylactic buga, da kuma kwatsam mutuwa.

hydatid cutar dabbobi

Kamar yadda aka ambata riga, da matsakaiciyar Runduna for Echinococcus ne ungulates, amma a matsayin karshe yi na kare mafi sau da yawa, Wolves, a kalla - dila. Animal Echinococcosis iya duba daban-daban - shi duka ya dogara da yawan cysts a cikin jiki, kazalika da ingancin kula da dabbobi.

A matakin farko, yawanci tasowa sannu a hankali sha, wanda ake dangantawa da take hakkin da narkewa kamar tafiyar matakai. A herbivorous ungulates sau da yawa alama bayyanar cututtuka na hanta da kuma huhu. Kamar yadda ya zuwa yanzu a matsayin tabbatacce, rundunõninsa, daga m, sa'an nan ba za su iya lura da bayyanar alamun ci, kazalika da naci zawo, maƙarƙashiya, itching a tsuliya yankin.

Hanyoyin zamani na ganewar asali

Human hydatid cuta - wata cuta quite m. Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa yana da muhimmanci ganewar asali. Don kwanan wata, magani offers da yawa hanyoyin da za a gane cutar. A mafi m gwajin for hydatid cuta - abin da ake kira dauki Katsoni cewa a 90% na lokuta ba daidai sakamakon. A lokacin da hanya, da haƙuri da aka gudanar subcutaneously hydatid kananan adadin ruwa. Lokacin da wani m dauki a allura site bayyana alama redness.

Da sauƙi, ƙarin haƙuri ba jini, fitsari, tumbi. Wayoyi da kuma serological gwaje-gwaje, da bayani dalla-dalla na wanda quite high. Duk wadannan karatu taimake kafa gaban echinococcosis.

Amma tare da wannan cuta, yana da muhimmanci a gane da kuma wuri wuri na cysts. Don wannan karshen, daban-daban hanyoyin, ciki har da lissafta tomography, angiography celiac jijiya (da ake zargin na hanta echinococcosis) da kuma scanning ta yin amfani da radioisotopes da kuma wasu wasu hanyoyin.

Hanyar ga zalunta cuta

Mafi sau da yawa samu a zamani magani hydatid cuta daga cikin hanta. Magani a wani hali da za'ayi na musamman ta hanyar tiyata. Kudin shiga antiparasitic kwayoyi ba da ciwon da ake so sakamako, kamar yadda cysts har yanzu kasance a cikin jiki, da kuma a can ne ko da yaushe hadarin surkin jini raunuka. Babu shakka, da ra'ayin mazan jiya far da ake bukata, amma da aka yi amfani a matsayin rigakafin. Marasa lafiya wajabta kwayoyi kafin da kuma bayan da kau da hydatid cysts.

Tun hydatid cuta bi? The aiki aka yi a karkashin janar maganin sa barci, da kuma kawai bayan duk na cysts da aka samu a cikin bincike tsari. A lokacin hanya, yana da muhimmanci mu cire pathogen gaba daya, tare da dukan bawo da kuma hana ingress na da abinda ke ciki da kewaye nama. A mafi inganci tiyata ne a matakin farko. Idan jikin mutum buga da wani babban yawan cysts, su kau da aka za'ayi a dama, saukarwa: a lokacin farko da aiki da gusar da mafi m samuwar, da kuma bayan wani lokaci (yawanci uku zuwa watanni shida), da hanya da aka maimaita.

Don hana rikitarwa da kuma kumburi bayan tiyata marasa lafiya an sanya sami anti-parasitic da kuma anti-kwayan kwayoyi.

Shin akwai tasiri hanyoyin da rigakafin?

Abin baƙin ciki, akwai wani maganin da zai iya kare da irin wannan cuta har abada. Duk da haka, wadannan da wasu m shawara iya rage hadarin irin wannan cututtuka kamar hydatid cuta. Mẽne ne da kuma yadda za a duba tasiri rigakafin?

Da fari dai, yana da muhimmanci mu cika da dukkan lafiya da aminci matsayin a aikin gona da yankunan inda tsunduma a girma dabbobi. Tun da karnuka ne sau da yawa da tushen da pathogen ga mutane, wajibi ne a kai a kai kawo fita dace cak watchdogs.

Kamar yadda na sirri rigakafin, da masana bayar da shawarar a wanke hannu sosai kafin cin abinci, da kuma bayan wani kai tsaye lamba tare da dabba. Ba za ka iya sha ruwan daga halitta ruwa jikinsu ko gurbata kafofin, akwai marsa wanki berries, 'ya'yan itãcen marmari da kuma kayan lambu, da kuma ci arancinsu dafa nama kayayyakin.