Haraji da kuma haraji tsarin a matsayin matsala jama'a da manufofin

Yau ba shi yiwuwa su yi tunanin wani tsarin tattalin arziki, wanda aka ba biya yawa da hankali ga haraji.

haraji rawa a zamani tsarin tattalin arziki ne sosai high. Haraji da kuma haraji tsarin ba kawai aiki a matsayin babban kafa ɓangare na kasafin kudin, amma kuma mai iko kayan aiki da su ta da ci gaban tattalin arziki a m hanyoyi. Bugu da kari, da haraji da kuma tsarin aikin gargajiya ayyuka - shirya zaman kansu, an da hannu a cikin redistribution na kasa da dũkiya. Haka kuma, bugu na haraji tsarin ne kullum karuwa.

Yau da tsarin na haraji da kuma kudade na Rasha Federation ya muhimmanci ƙãra da rawar, wanda shi ne saboda da ci gaba da kuma fadada daga cikin kamfanoni masu zaman kansu tattalin arzikin.

Tax ne wajibi biyan bashin na gratuitous hali, wanda ake tuhuma da wani shiri ko mutum a cikin nau'i na Cash, da suke a karshe a kan ikon mallakar ko tattalin arziki management.

Halaye na gratuitousness a cikin wannan harka nufin cewa biyan bashin ba ya unsa na juna wajibai na jihar, ta haka ne, shirya kusan kowane haraji tsarin. Nau'in na haraji da zama a wani musamman jihar, za a ƙaddara da al'amurra da dama, da kuma wadannan dalilai na iya zama duka dogon lokaci da kuma gajere, yin haraji tsarin tsauri inji.

Duk da haka, da dukan da canje-canje, daya zabin ko da yaushe ya kasance m - haraji da kuma haraji tsarin ya ko da yaushe dangantaka tare da bayyana kama-karya domin su shiri.

A zamani Rasha haraji dokokin, da wadannan asali Concepts: haraji da kuma kudade. Bambanci tsakanin su ne m da manufa da yin abubuwan. By tattara, yawanci dauka don nufin wani taimako, wanda na bukatar da hukumar amsa wasu martani a cikin bukatun da payer. Haraji, kamar yadda muka rigaya muka gani, ba manufa rabo, sabili da haka ne a wajen kai tsaye ƙari.

Tax tsari na bukatar wani tasiri tasiri a kan bukatun da masu biyan haraji, da kuma a kan ikon mallakar amfane shi. Wasu masu bincike yi imani da shi shi ne fitowan da masu zaman kansu dukiya da kayyade yanayin fitowan da irin mamaki a matsayin haraji da kuma haraji tsarin. Jaddada ka'idoji na al'amarin, Ivan Gorsky kira da bukatar zaman kansa dukiya a matsayin na farko, da muhimman hakkokin manufa haraji, tsara ta A. Smith. Akidar Karl Marx ra'ayin da withering bãya daga cikin jihar a karkashin jagorancin zuwa ga ainihin halakar da cikakken haraji dangantakar ga wani ƙarni, a kasar mu.

Shigar kvazinalogi zahiri sun tarawa da kayyade farashin a wani sosai deterministic tsarin dangantakar da administrative-umurninSa. Bisa manufofin shirin shi ne saiti yawan kayayyakin. Fitarwa a cikin rufaffiyar tattalin arzikin dangantaka tare da amfani. VAT ana saka a karshen-yin amfani da kayayyakin, shan la'akari da mutum halaye na dukiya da kuma iri-iri na daban-daban rates ba zai tasiri ko dai samar ko amfani. Excise haraji ne ba yawa daban-daban daga tallace-tallace haraji - shi ne cewa wani rukuni na haraji dukiya. Kudin shiga da haraji da aka biya a jihar kudaden shiga a cikin nau'i na karbo daga cikin samuwa ma'auni na wuce haddi da kudaden shiga a kan ciyarwa, da kamfanonin. bayar sirri exemptions da tsagaita ta biya. "Perestroika", wanda ya fara a cikin marigayi 80-ies., Kwakwalwa, na farko, canje-canje a cikin dukiya dangantakar. Duk da haka, ko da a yau da data kasance haraji da kuma haraji tsarin nuna kasawarsa na haraji dangantakar a cikin jama'a yankin. Rundunar dokokin fassara da ikon mallakar ra'ayi, tabbatar da cewa, kasancewa mai shi da dukan dukiya da unitary Enterprises, jihar na da hakkin ya jefa da dukiya a da hankali. A aikace-aikace na haraji dokokin da irin Enterprises ne sun fi mayar da ilimin kididdiga fiye da tattalin arziki muhimmanci. Saboda haka, matsalar samu haraji siyasa ne don tabbatar da parity ban sha'awa, a matsayin mai samun kudin shiga da kuma batun yarwa samun kudin shiga a kan tushen da sauran hakkokin fiye da da hakkin ya dukiya, a hannu daya, da kuma jihar fitarwa a wasu rabo daga irin wannan albashi a daya hannun, jama'a ta albarkatun aka mayar da hankali a kan manyan al'amurra na tattalin arziki da zamantakewa da ci gaban.

A mafi muhimmanci alama na yau duniya tsarin tattalin arziki ne m hannu a cikin tattalin arziki yawa daga dukiyar ilimi (IP). Dalili na yaduwar takamaiman kayayyaki - ilimi yi - a kasuwannin duniya ne da-ɓullo da lamban kira tsarin, kariya daga hakkin mallaka, wani aiki lasisi manufofin kamfanoni.