Hankula jinkiri. Mene ne halayyar jinkiri

Bisa ga haduwar da yawa kwatanta da ka'idar music tare da lissafi, da kuma wasu gaskiya a cikinsa, domin shi ne lissafi ya zama m na zamani ka'idar music. Ko da a cikin na farko matakin music makaranta, wasu batutuwa janye dalibai 'tambayoyi da yawa, kuma daya daga cikin mafi wuyar fahimta ne da hankula jinkiri.

Jinkiri a music

A music ka'idar, an tazara da aka kira da nisa tsakanin biyu sauti, wanda, bi da bi, da aka auna sautunan da semitones. Halftone ne mafi kusa da nesa tsakanin sauti, wato, shi ne m keys. Daya sautin ne 2 semitones.

Kowane Ramin yana da wani sautin darajar da stupenevuyu wanda ayyana manufar da kanta. Stupenevaya The darajar kayyade nawa matakai ne tsakanin biyu sauti, wani sautin darajar, bi da bi, da kayyade yawan launuka. Alal misali, tazara E A lebur an rage Mudun ko da yake kara kamar wata babbar uku da enharmonically daidaita shi. Duk da haka, kawai 4 matakai, sabili da haka, shi ne har yanzu a Mudun.

Mene ne halayyar jinkiri

Kafin juya wajen nazarin wani hadadden topic, ya kamata ka zama saba da ji haushi masu jituwa manyan da qananan, kamar yadda wadannan biyu batutuwa suna a hankali nasaba. Don haka ya kira hankula jinkiri, wanda aka kafa kawai a cikin masu jituwa manyan da qananan dole shafe masu jituwa mataki. Hankula ne da wadannan nau'i-nau'i:

• Karin seconds - rage bakwai (uv.2 - um.7).
• Karuwan biyar - karami Mudun (uv.5 - um.4).

Wadannan jinkiri ne ban sha'awa da kuma rikitarwa da cewa da ya taba ci karo a cikin halitta rashin daidaito, da ya yi da hankali kada ya rudar da hankula kan jinkiri kuma newts, shi ne 2 mabanbanta kungiyar. Ka tuna kuma, abin da irin mataki a cikin manyan da qananan canje-canje a cikin masu jituwa tune:

• Masu jituwa Major - rage 4 mataki.
• Masu jituwa Ƙananan - ƙara 7 mataki.

Major jinkiri

A farko biyu ne na kowa halayyar jinkiri kuma ga wata babbar, da kuma qananan yanayin. A cikin masu jituwa tune kara girman biyu kuma da magani umenshonnaya bakwai, dangane da wadannan matakai:

• uv.2 - 6 matakin.
• um.7 - 7 matakin.

A ji don nemo su a bit sauki fiye da newts. Hankula jinkiri a wata babbar kayan quite takamaiman tana daidai da cewa tare da kõme ba su dame. Alal misali, ta ƙara seconds, Ina nufin 6 da 7, a mataki ji haushi masu jituwa, da hankali motsi Halicci gammoobraznom Gabas dandano, da wanda tazara shi ne sauƙin recognizable.

Kamar yadda na 2 ma'aurata da kuma uv.5 um.4, ta gane da kuma gina kadan mafi rikitarwa, kamar yadda Major da Ƙananan aka gina a kan bangarori daban-daban. A cikinta ta'allaka da kalubale, wanda tsoratar da ƴan halayyar jinkiri. Kunnen horo na bukatar iyakar taro, don haka kamar yadda ba miss fita a kan irin wannan muhimmanci abu kamar dama mataki na yi. Saboda haka, a cikin wata babbar 2 biyu daga ramummuka dangane da wadannan matakai:

• Uv.5 - 4 matakin.
• Um.4 - 3 matakin.

Irin wannan hadadden tsarin gini saboda gaskiyar cewa a cikin wata babbar ya kamata ba a cikin kewayon 4 mataki.

qananan jinkiri

Saboda haka, kama tsakanin manyan da qananan masu jituwa gudu daga, kuma an sa kawai ta musamman gina uv.2. Halayyar masu jituwa qananan jinkiri dangane da wadannan matakai:

• uv.2 - 6 matakin.
• um.7 - 7 matakin.
• uv.5 - mataki 3;
• um.4 - 7 matakin.

Gina jinkiri a cikin qananan da kuma manyan,

Kamar yadda domin gina jinkiri a qananan key daga duk wani sauti, kamata ya bi da wadannan sauki hanya. Ka yi la'akari da misalin na yi na rage bakwai. Mu auna daga farko sauti 7 matakai, sa'an nan kuma daidaita da sakamakon da yawan sautunan: ya kamata su zama 4.5. Yanzu kana da yin lissafi jama'a keys sami wannan tazara. Don yin wannan, kai da sauti na sautin mataki 7 kuma ka samu manyan da qananan keys. Alal misali, idan um.7 bukatar gina a kan sauti E, da masu jituwa tonalities zai kasance a F Major da kuma F Ƙananan. By guda hanya da kuma shirya wasu halayyar jinkiri. Solfege yayi sauran hanyoyi, amma mafi sauki da kuma saukin ganewa.

Resolution halayyar jinkiri

Tun da halayyar jinkiri ne dissonant da kuma m, su dole ne dole yarda baƙi tazara da kuma barga. Duk da haka, don Allah ka lura cewa dissonanty za a iya warware a wani consonance, ko da kuwa ko shi ne barga. Volatile wannan tazara ya kamata a yarda ne kawai a cikin barga.

A binciken da yarda takamaiman jinkiri kamata a dogara a kan frets. Wannan shi ne saboda cewa a music ƙuduri dogara ne a kan gwamnatin rikon kwarya a m sauti cikin barga. Saboda wannan dalili, don taimaka tazara, shi wajibi ne don sanin sautin a cikin abin da aka gina shi.

Resolution halayyar jinkiri zo daidai daidai da ƙudurin m sautuna. Idan biyu sauti m, sa'an nan suka matsa zuwa na gaba barga, bisa ga ka'ida nauyi. Idan daya sauti a cikin kewayon ne barga, shi ya kasance a wurin, amma ya canjãwa kawai intermittent sauti.

magani jinkiri

A music ka'idar magani aka kira jũyarwa sauti mai octave sama ko ƙasa. Tazara da kanta da kuma ta magani a ware Naira Miliyan Xari dole tsabta octave, a wani yanayin, duba ginawa kurakurai. Tarbiyyar ne cikkaken tsarin da da kansa dokoki da kuma dokokin, wanda ya zama mai kyau a tuna:

• Lokacin riƙe da m tazara da aka samu kamar yadda m.
• Mu'amala da kananan tazara sakamakon a wani babban kuma mataimakin versa.
• Umenshonny tazara a lokacin da karža yana da wani ya karu, da kuma mataimakin versa.

Yanzu kai a look at takamaiman jinkiri accesses, ciki har da hankula jeri:

• Prima shiga octave.
• Na biyu, a cikin bakwai.
• Uku a sixths.
• Mudun a cikin na biyar.

Amma ga takamaiman jinkiri kuma uv.5 um.4 ne m, wanda ƙwarai facilitates yi na aikace-aikace. The biyu biyu daga halaye da aka jiyar a kan manufa nauyi. Karuwan biyu gefen da aka yarda ya fadada da kuma samar da wata mai tsabta Mudun (mataki 5 ji haushi). Rage bakwai halatta a cikin shugabanci na takaita da Forms cikakken biyar (1 mataki ji haushi).

Shirya gina wani halayyar jinkiri

A ƙarshe, da labarin tattauna hanyoyi da dama wajen shirya musamman kan jinkiri, kamar yadda wannan shi ne abin da ya haddasa matsala ga mafi dalibai. Saboda haka, na farko hanya kunshi dama, saukarwa:

1. Da farko, dole ne ka ayyana da sautin a abin da za ka bukatar ka gina tazara, da kuma ga sauƙi na rikodin key ãyõyi.
2. Yanzu kana bukatar sanin abin da irin sauti a cikin wannan key ne "hankula".
3. Sa'an nan kuma ka bukatar ka fara da wadannan juna: duk da halayyar jinkiri dauke da masu jituwa matakin, da kuma akwai doguwar a kusa da shi. A wannan babbar, da "sihiri matakin" - na shida, na bakwai, da qananan, ko da yaushe tuna da shi.

A farko matakai na biyu Hanyar gina wani cikakken zo daidai da farko, amma bayan da kisa ya zama sauki a yi takamaiman jinkiri a kan dacewa matakai. Don kauce wa rikice, zane da kanka da wadannan tebur:

Yanzu za ku zama sosai sauki gina duk jinkiri, da karin cewa daya sauti da aka riga aka sani. Akwai daya asiri, amma a maimakon haka, wani abin kwaikwaya, suna kuma tuna cewa za ka iya sauri haddace tebur. Saboda haka, duk a cikin manyan Extended sabis jinkiri ne bisa 6 low matakin, da kuma a cikin dukkan qananan rage - 7 karu. Yanzu, tun da gina na farko biyu, za ka iya sauri gina da na biyu, tun lokacin da halayyar jinkiri suna a hankali alaka da kusan juya zuwa juna.

Bambance-bambance daga halayyar jinkiri Tritons

Ya kamata ka yi da hankali, kuma lura da bambance-bambance tsakanin newts takamaiman jinkiri, kamar yadda wannan shi ne daya daga cikin mafi kowa kuskure. Saboda haka, Triton - wani fanni, wanda ya kunshi daidai 3 launuka: augmented fourths da kuma rage fifths. Newts za a iya gina a cikin diatonic, da kuma masu jituwa da melodic sautunan, don haka ya gauraye su da halayyar ba zai yiwu ba.

Triton - mai karfi dissonance, wanda shi ne wani ɓangare na Marinjãyi bakwai tsirkiya. Af, game da newts ke da yawa camfi, daya ce daga gare su, music, dauke da Triton - da music na shaidan. Yana ji haka na da churchmen, don haka a cikin ruhaniya music daga waɗanda sau amfani newts ko dai tare ko sequentially, shi aka tsananin haramta. The ban kasance tsanani haka, da cewa cin zarafin barazanar ziyarci Inquisition.