Halitta wuri mai faɗi. Steppe da steppe

Steppe da steppe na Eurasia ne sosai bambancin, da abun da ke ciki na shuke-shuke, da kuma dabbobi duniya. Daga baya a cikin labarin da muka bincika babban fasali na wadannan yankuna.

Flora

A daban-daban gandun daji da kuma steppe? Da farko, ya kamata mu kula da ciyayi. Saboda haka, ga gandun daji-steppes ne halayyar da ƙasa mamaye itatuwan oak, "tsarma" Ash-itãciya, kuma Maple itatuwa. West na kowa hornbeam da Beech. West Siberian steppe, inda akwai wata nahiyar da sauyin yanayi, arziki Birch dazuzzuka da larch da kuma Pine. Irin bishiyoyi a matsayin spruce, akwai ba su girma. A unguwannin gandun daji yafi rarraba "m" na kasar gona, da kuma a cikin gauraye ciyawa matakan yafi baki duniya. Yawancin lokaci girma a cikin steppe ciyawa, fari m. Domin kare tushe da kuma ganye daga bushewa fita, a wasu shuke-shuke yana da kakin shafi ko su mai rufi da mai taushi fuzz. Wasu kuma suna nadawa a lokacin kunkuntar ganyen fari. Uku stockpile danshi a cikin fleshy mai tushe da kuma ganye. Mutane da yawa shuke-shuke tushen tsarin ne da zurfi ƙwarai. Spring flowering fara aiki, har ma da wasu daban na 'ya'yan itace. Steppe rufe daban-daban haske kafet Bishiyoyi masu dogon kwana. A ko'ina cikin rani, da ciyayi ana maye gurbin matsayin flowering. Daga arewa zuwa kudu, a cikin shugabanci na hatsi ciyawa maye gurbin ko fescue-gashin tsuntsu ciyawa amfanin gona a mafi kudancin yankunan - masu ɗaci.

fauna

Yadda daban-daban gandun daji-steppe a kan abun da ke ciki na dabba duniya? A kowane ƙasa sanaki wasu nau'in. Saboda haka, a cikin gandun daji fasalin namun daji, cewa zauna da jinsin aka saba da daban-daban kwaminonin. Da furotin da kuma marten sleeper faruwa a yankunan da m ciyayi (itacen, misali). A kadan kasa can za ka iya ganin barewa da Elk. Na steppe dabbobi ne ya fi kowa jerboa, gophers, polecat, marmot, da wuya Bustard da Little Bustard. Dabbar beaver da muskrat ne mazaunan kududdufai. A fauna daga cikin steppe zone kafa a lokaci mai tsawo, yafi saboda herbivores. Kowa iri-iri hakori, da tsuntsaye da cewa ciyar a kan kwari da kuma hatsi, kazalika da tsuntsaye masu cin nama da kuma dabbobi.

Tasiri a kan ƙasa da halaye na dabbobi

The hali na steppe dabbobi muhimmanci shafi rayuwa a bude sarari tare da bushe yanayi da kuma kwatsam canje-canje a cikin zazzabi, yanayi rashin abinci mai gina jiki da kuma watering draining. Animals sun dogon saba da irin wannan yanayi mai wahala. Alal misali, a saiga irin gada, da raya sauri gudu. Godiya ga shi, suna da ceto daga hare-hare na dabbobin daji. Bayan Gudun taimaka musu su tafi nisa a search na ruwa da kuma abinci. Daban-daban hakori, wanda a matakan babbar dama, saba da rayuwa a kogwanni, amfani da kiwo da kuma wata madõgara daga zafin rana da kuma sanyi. Bugu da kari, wadannan su ne gidajensu domin hakori mai kyau tsari daga yara. Tun da itatuwa a cikin hamada ne kusan a can, har tsuntsaye suka yi sheƙarsu a ƙasa. Dabbobin da yawa a farko na hunturu hibernate, shi damar da su zuwa ga tsira da sanyi da yunwa. A wannan abu da suka yi da kuma mai tsanani fari. Amma, mutane da yawa tsuntsaye tashi zuwa hunturu a warmer climes. Akwai dabbobi da suke aiki a kowane lokaci na shekara. Bã su da su nemi abinci a cikin hunturu da kuma bazara. Wadannan dabbobi kullum hada da beraye, Foxes, hares, partridges, voles kuma kyarketai.

Steppe da gandun daji steppe Rasha

Waɗannan abubuwan sune, kowa a cikin tsakiyar ɓangare na kasar. M zamanin yau steppe da steppe zone ne ƙware, kuma a kan shi ne gidajen Aljanna da gonaki. Ga girma daban-daban amfanin gona, masara, dankali, hemp, sunflower. Don kudancin gandun daji-steppe zone ba arziki gandun daji yankunan. Domin dalilin cewa ga ci gaban da itatuwa ba da isasshen abinci girma a cikin steppe ne yafi ciyawa da kuma shrubs. Kananan itatuwa za a iya samu ne kawai a kusa da koguna ko gullies, cikakken ruwan karkashin kasa. Daga cikin sosai farko da Lower Danube matakan da kuma mika zuwa Kudancin Urals. Lokacin da kyan gani, a cikin meridional shugabanci, rarraban line tsakanin gandun daji da kuma steppe, kusan imperceptible. A wasu kalmomin, na farko na biyu a ci gaba. Steppe Kwatsam daga kudancin iyaka da gandun daji da kuma kawo karshen sama a cikin kwaruruka na Greater Caucasus da Crimean Mountains.

weather

Domin da steppe zone halin da nahiyar sauyin yanayi. Akwai isasshen dumi lokacin bazaar. A sauyin yanayi ne daya daga cikin manyan bambance-bambance tsakanin gandun daji da kuma steppe. A warmer watanni da talakawan zafin jiki ne +22 ° C. A musamman zafi kwanaki, wani lokacin har zuwa +40 ° C. Zafi ne yawanci ba fiye da 50%. Weather a cikin matakan akwai bushe da rana. Idan ruwan sama ta sauka, da mafi sau da yawa shi ne wãbilin hadari ya sãmu, bayan da ruwa evaporates da sauri. A yawa na turɓaya da bushewa har koguna kunsa iskõki a filayen, akwai quite m. Ko da yake winters da takaice, dimi za ba su suna ba. A sanyi weather da yawan zafin jiki a ma'aunin zafi da sanyio kai talakawan matakin na -30 ° C. The Black Sea yankin ne snow ba fiye da watanni biyu, da kuma a cikin Volga game da biyar. Mai sanyi da kuma harsh hunturu yawanci a gabas. Wani lokaci akwai ko da wani misãlin kogin. A m baƙo a wadannan sassa - a narke, wanda babu makawa entails Ice. River spring kwalba yadu, akwai wani ruwan tufana. A lokacin rani da kaka ruwa sama sosai sakamakon sau da yawa ambaliyar. Kamar yadda dusar ƙanƙara narke a cikin bazara sosai da sauri, shi na taimaka wa yashewa na kasa, saboda wanda akwai ravines. Ga shekara a yammacin akwai wani babban adadin hazo, amma ba fiye da 500 mm. Wajen kudu-maso-gabas akwai raguwa - har zuwa 300 mm.

ƙarshe

Idan akai la'akari da halin yanzu gandun daji da kuma steppe na Eurasia, da dabbobi da cewa zauna su, kada mu manta cewa wadannan yankunan sun dade da aka bi da, cewa an nome. All effects a kan ƙasa da girbi ya da wani gagarumin tasiri a kan Flora da fauna na yankin.