Haikali blachernitissa Mai Tsarki Mother a Kuzminki (Moscow)

Ga iyali Stroganov Kasuwanci su da zarar sauki Pomor manoma, 1716 juya a kira su musamman troublesome. Joke, kammala gina coci, musamman gina domin icon, da zarar ta koka ga shi na yabo da Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich! Yana da wannan icon na Our Lady of Blachernae, kuma ya ba da sunan ga coci, inda ya kiyaye taba tun da, da kuma na kauye, wanda ya zama sananne a matsayin Vlakhernskoe.

Asalin da icon

The sunan icon zo daga sunan wannan bangare na Konstantinoful, wanda ya sau daya a haikali zuwa wannan daki. A karkashin ta taimaka shi ne, ba kawai a Konstantinoful, amma dukan da Rum. Tarihi na cewa lokaci gaya yadda, a cikin shekara 626 da salla, hau kafin icon, Ruhu Mai Uwar Allah tsira da birnin daga mãsu alãma daga invaders. Bayan da yawa ƙarni, shi ne riga a Rasha, ta banmamaki ikon za a bayyana lokacin da kwalara annoba a 1830. Ta ya kiyaye dukan mazaunan Kuzminok, inda ya kasance, da kuma dukan mazaunan da suke kewaye da kauyuka daga cikin mummunan cuta.

wannan icon ya ba talakawa. Its halitta ne dangana ga bishara Luka, zamani da kuma daya daga cikin manzannin Yesu Kristi. A icon da aka sanya a cikin sauƙi da kuma musamman voskomastiki fasaha. Feature da shi shi ne cewa da kakin zuma ne kara razmelchonnye kaya daga tsarkaka. Hoton kafa a wannan hanya da aka kira wani reliquary.

Bayyanar da icon a Rasha

An sani cewa a cikin V karni da ta je Konstantinoful, sa'an nan babban birnin kasar na Kirista duniya, kuma daga can - Mai Tsarki Dutsen Athos. A 1654, da Athonite sufaye suka kawo shi zuwa Moscow da kuma gabatar da taƙawa sarki Alexis, kuma ya, bi da bi, bã da Haikalina Stroganov. Domin da icon da katako coci na Our Lady of Blachernae aka gina shi.

Amma rare katako coci da dama a tsawon rai. Wannan coci tsaya kawai goma sha shida da kuma aka ƙone a wuta, amma Nufin Allah a cikin m icon aka ceto. A wannan shekarar, tun tambayi albarkar da hukuncin bishop, fara gina wani sabon coci, kuma daga itace, amma sai aka jiran wannan rabo a matsayin tsohon. A 1758 a sakamakon "wuta karya-winded," ta mutu. Amma wannan lokaci da Wuri Mai Tsarki da aka za'ayi na wuta.

A yi na dutse coci gini

By lokacin da wuta stroganoff iyali Estate Kuzminki shige cikin mallaki iyali na Count Golitsyn. Cikin zuriyar Lithuanian Grand Duke Gediminas, sun ga ƙarni kasance a zaunanniyar gwamnati. Wannan shekara ne shekara ɗari shida tun lokacin da suka fara hidimarsu.

A shekara daga baya, shi ya fara gina da dutse coci a kan tabo inda ya tsaya da kone coci. Ƙirƙirar aikin da kuma goyon baya aiki Earl izini da m IP Zherebtsov, wanda aka ma tsunduma a cikin sake inganta kuma maimaitawa da dukan dukiya. Ya shiga cikin tarihi na gine-gine, a matsayin wakilin na Baroque style. Bugu da kari, sunansa ake dangantawa da wani shugabanci, Kwafa da farkon Moscow classicism. Domin shekaru masu yawa ya duba duk aikin gine-gine a kan Estate.

Zanen fasali na sabon coci

Kafuwar dutse na Haikalin aikin Stallions sa gargajiya ga Rasha majami'u tetrahedral ƙananan ɓangare na ginin, kuma heightened saman octagonal drum. Saboda haka gina yawa Rasha Orthodox majami'u. katako octagonal kararrawa hasumiyar da aka gina a kusa da nan. Duk da ado na coci da aka sanya a cikin Baroque style. A 1762, yi da aka kammala a kan dukan, amma gama ya koma a shekara goma sha biyu.

Kuzminki Estate shi ne girman kai na kirga Golitsyn, kuma ta inganta, suka bai hana kudi. A 1784 da suka kasance sunã kiran sa zuwa ga sanannen Moscow m RR Kazakov, wani almajiri daga cikin shahararrun V. I. Bazhenova, wanda ya yi aiki tare da shi a kan wani aiki na Big Kremlin Palace. Ya fara da maimaitawa na Haikalin, bisa ga gine-gine da bukatun na lokaci.

maimaitawa da haikalin

R. P. Kazakov canza tetrahedral babban ginin shirin madauwari, kafa a cikin wani nau'i na drum, da kuma a babi na saman overbuilt. A kusurwoyi huɗu na ginin sun entrances da na ado matakai da shirayi. Gaba da sauran abun da ke ciki gadon kwana na jirgin ƙasa dutse kararrawa hasumiya. Kamar wancan Haikali blachernitissa Mai Tsarki Mother a Kuzminki samu saba shaci.

A lokacin yakin na 1812, da haikalin ya halartar babba, halakarwa. Sun sace abubuwa na coci farantin da gumaka. Akwai shaida, shaida cewa gaya game da yawa misalin bashi da kyau aikata by Faransa sojoji. A bisa gayyatar da Golitsyn a kan maido aiki na mafi kyau gine-ginen. A 1819 ya aka tsarkake gaba daya kerata ɗakin sujada na St. Sergiya Radonezhskogo. Duk da haka, da aikin a cikin Haikali dade 'yan shekaru. Sahaban rubuta game da m marmara iconostasis a cikin wannan iyaka. Sama da shi yi aiki mafi kyau sassaƙa duwatsu kasar. Aka gayyace mu sanannen Ural Masters.

Akwai da yawa shaida cewa haikalin blachernitissa Mai Tsarki Mother a Kuzminki kullum a gaban mutane daga cikin hukuncin iyali. Alal misali, a 1828, Empress Maria Fedorovna bayar da su yi ado da gumaka na m kayan ado na lu'u-lu'u da lu'ulu'u. A 1858 da haikalin da aka ziyarci da Sarkin sarakuna Alexander II. Bugu da kari, Estate Kuzminki gan wasu wakilan House of Romanov. Tun shekarar 1859, haikali ya da iyali kabarin Golitsyn. A farkon shekaru na XX karni shi aka sake mayar da tsarkake.

A rabo daga cikin coci bayan juyin juya hali

Bayan juyin juya halin da coci blachernitissa Mai Tsarki Mother a Kuzminki raba al'adar wuraren ibada a Rasha. A zahiri a cikin shekara ta farko da wakilai daga maguzawan hukumomi kwashe dukan dukiya mai daraja da kuma abubuwa na coci farantin. Lokacin da haikalin karshe rufe, da banmamaki, icon aka mayar da su cikin Church na Dormition a Vishniac, da kuma lokacin da ya tsaya aiki, da icon aka canjawa wuri zuwa ga Tretyakov Gallery, da kudi wanda shi ne kiyaye wannan rana. A shekara ta 1929, Dome aka rushe, da kuma ginin da aka gina bayan fitarwa, sa shi a cikin wani biki gida. Bisa dukan Soviet lokaci shi housed da kuma masana'antu gabatarwa, da kuma wani gidan wuta substation, da kuma azuzuwa. Cikakken fentin ganuwar da stucco kayan ado da aka lalata. Pain zuciya na ta yawo a lokacin da ka ga hotuna na cikin Haikali a wadannan shekaru.

abu akan sake haihuwa

A cikin shekaru bin sake fasalin kudin, da yawa Rasha Orthodox majami'u sun koma ga muminai. A tsawon tarihi m. Yana da ya wajaba a rayar abin da shekarun da suka gabata ruthlessly hallaka. A babban taimako a cikin wannan, da kuma da hukumomi da kuma daban-daban da jama'a da kungiyoyi na kasa. Restorers kuma zo a cikin Haikalin blachernitissa Mai Tsarki Mother a Kuzminki. Ya aka jera a cikin jerin abubuwan da za a mayar da farko. Ya lura da aikin da m EA Vorontsova. Domin shekaru uku da magina, da restorers koma cikin coci don ta asali bayyanar. A 1995 ya aka tsarkake, kazalika da yawa Rasha Orthodox majami'u.

A rayuwa na coci a yau

Yau, haikali ne mafi girma a addini da kuma cibiyar al'adu. Lokacin da ta gudanar da wani Lahadi makaranta da kuma wani makaranta na catechesis na manya da yara. Bugu da kari, akwai wani library, kofa bude ga kowa da kowa. A wani raba gini sanye take da wani baptistery font for manya. Kamar yawa majami'u na Orthodox Church, ya zama wani wuri inda kowa da kowa zai iya samun ilmi game da kayan yau da kullum na Orthodoxy, domin da yawa shekarun da suka gabata, kusan rufe ga talakawa.