Global kwamfuta cibiyar sadarwa

Computer cibiyar sadarwa - ba kõme ba sai a kungiyar da dama kwakwalwa tare, kyale su su musanya data. Global cibiyar sadarwa kira idan sun rufe masu amfani daga ko'ina cikin duniya. Lura cewa na farko da kwamfuta networks na farar hula ya bayyana a cikin United States. Amma 'yan mutane san cewa sosai manufa na wannan fasahar da aka yi amfani da farko a cikin Tarayyar Soviet, da kuma saboda wannan wani dogon lokaci da suka wuce na farko da makami mai linzami tsaron tsarin da aka halicce su.

Yau, akwai wani fairly m cibiyar sadarwa rarrabuwa. Bisa ga na sarari rarraba rarrabe duniya, yankin da kuma gida kwamfuta cibiyoyin sadarwa. Global kwamfuta cibiyar sadarwa networks suna located a cikin ƙasa na jihar ko jihohi da dama, misali, da duniya Internet. LANs rufe wani yanki daga sama zuwa dama dubun murabba'in mita, da kuma na yankin - shi ne mai sadarwa, wanda aka located a cikin yankin ko birni.

Duk da haka, biyu key lokaci a cikin rarrabuwa na cibiyoyin sadarwa - shi ne: WAN da LAN.

WideAreaNetwork (WAN) - duniya kwamfuta networks, rufe manyan yankunan, da suka hada da na gida yankin cibiyoyin sadarwa da sauran sadarwa na'urorin da kuma hanyoyin sadarwa.

LocalAreaNetwork (LAN) - Ethernet, wanda da raba kayayyakin more rayuwa kafin ta saki a kan samar da sabis. The sosai guda lokaci «LAN» iya bayyana da kuma kananan ofishin cibiyar sadarwa, da kuma babban shuka cibiyar sadarwa da yake rufe da wani yanki daga cikin da dama kadada ɗari.

Cikin tsofaffin duniya cibiyar sadarwa ne Internet. Yana bayar da hanyoyi daban-daban domin haɗa m kwakwalwa, da kuma janar amfani da bayanai albarkatun da kuma rarraba ayyuka.

Da farko, da duniya kwamfuta networks tsunduma a warware matsalar da damar mahara m tashoshi da kwakwalwa don m kwakwalwa, da ake kira rundunar-s. Wadannan sadarwa suna sanya via unswitched ko switched tashoshi tarho cibiyar sadarwa ko via sadaukar da tauraron dan adam data networks, misali, aiki a kan X.25 yarjejeniya.

Don haɗi zuwa wannan networks amfani da modem cewa yana gudu musamman sadarwa shirye-shirye, COMIT type, PROCOM, BITCOM, MITEZ da sauransu. Managed OS MS-DOS, suka musanya bayanai da kwamfuta to abin da aka alaka.

The sosai guda gina duniya cibiyar sadarwa bayyana ne ba quite wuya. The duniya cibiyar sadarwa kunshi Kwayoyin cewa ne gida cibiyoyin sadarwa. A nuna LANs kunshi karami cibiyoyin sadarwa da mutum kwakwalwa. Ga wani Multi-matakin matsayi da kuma damar da shiri na cibiyar sadarwa. Bugu da kari, kowane na'urar a kan hanyar sadarwa dole ne a yi da kansa IP-address, ko farɗan mai ganowa.

Yau, kasa da kasa amfani da guda kwakwalwa a duniya kwamfuta cibiyar sadarwa. Amma, shi ne - gida inji mai kwakwalwa. Domin mafi part, sũ ne waɗanda biyan kuɗi na cibiyar sadarwa kwakwalwa, wanda aka kafa a cikin gida yankin networks, saboda haka, mafi kwararru la'akari zabin kamar yadda ya samar da mafi alhẽri hulda da dama gida yankin cibiyoyin sadarwa. Wajibi ne a cikin wannan harka don samar da wani m kwamfuta a dangane da wani kwamfuta cikin gida na cibiyar sadarwa mugun, ko mataimakin versa. A karshe zaɓi ne sosai dace a matsayin yawan gida da kuma na sirri kwakwalwa.

Yanzu amfani da sharuddan sauyawa cibiyoyin ne ga X.25 networks musamman na'urorin Telenet-masana'antu da kamfanoni, Ericsson, Siemens a matsayin cibiyar sadarwa kayan aiki, Alcatel ta kuma haka, da kyau, domin a TCP / IP networks amfani da magudanar da Cisco Decnis kamfanonin. Duk da haka, fasahar ba a tsaye har yanzu, kuma shi ne wata ila cewa a nan gaba za mu gani wani ko da ya fi dacewa kungiyar na duniya na cibiyar sadarwa, wanda a yanzu yana da wani banbanci a cikin rayuwar kusan kowa da kowa.