Garry Kasparov, da dara player: biography, photos, kabila

A rayuwa daga cikin shahararrun dara baiwa Garry Kasparov ne kamar yadda bambancin matsayin da ya m hikimar tantance hankali. M nasara a duniya na dara, kwatsam tashi zuwa ganiya da daraja, da wallafe-wallafen da siyasa ayyuka - shi ne kawai karamin sashi daga cikin nasarorin da babban grandmaster. Lalle ne, babban wakilan bil'adama ne multifaceted da talented a kome.

yara

Afrilu 13, 1963 Baku sanar da baby kuka gaba dara Zakaran. Iyaye, Vaynshteyn Kim Moiseevich da Kasparyan Klara Shagenovna, sun immensely farin ciki. Dukansu sun kasance mãsu aikin injiniya fannoni, amma son yayin tafi da yamma Playing dara.

Little Garik Kasparov (dara player a nan gaba) daga farkon shekarun nuna nadiri hankali da kuma riƙo kome a kan gardama. Unbeknownst ga duk m Toddler kallon dara fadace-fadace uwaye da kuma dads, mamaye kamar soso, kowane irin dabaru da kuma mafita. Wata rana, quite kwatsam, a cikin shekaru 5 da shekaru, da shawarar hanyar fita daga cikin dara matsala, a kan abin da mahaifa rurrushe. A wannan gaba, Kim Moiseevich gan a dansa mai gaba Zakaran.

A shekarar 1970, bayan mutuwar mahaifinsa, a kananan dara fan fara ziyarci gida sashe na Palace of Pioneers. A shekara ta fari ta horo samu uku daraja, da kuma shi ya buɗe hanya domin duniya gasa.

Daga wannan lokacin zai fara m tafiya. Kasparov (dara player), kabila da aka haife Bayahude, a lokacin mallaki sonorous sunan Weinstein. Uwarsa san cewa zai zama quite wuya a cimma nasara a dara ayyukan. Kuma a cikin 1974 akwai wani canji a cikin sunan Kasparov. Yanzu kadan Garik ne Armenian. Yanzu wannan ra'ayi na iya ze m, amma a wancan lokaci shi ne kadai daidai. Anti-Semitic zalunci ne mai wuya ya zama wani Bayahude da ya lashe da ya lashe daraja a dara wasanni.

A farko da nasarar da matasa dara player

Fara aiki ga matasa dara player shi ne kyawawan sauki. Success tare da talented yaro. A 1973 a Vilnius a cikin All-Union Matasa Wasanni Kasparov dara player sami wani shawarta a cikin mutum na master of wasanni Aleksandra Nikitina. Hõre matasan, Nikitin ba shi da wani shawarwarin domin kudin shiga ga makaranta a-zurfin nazari na dara art a farkon Mikhail Botvinnik. Ba tare da tunanin sau biyu, a wannan shekara, Garik da uwarsa aika zuwa Dubna, inda ba tare da wani matsaloli isa a kan horo. Bayan wani lokaci sai ya ce Botvinnik yaro da kuma daukan shi a karkashin reshe, ba dukan yiwu goyon baya.

A shekara daga baya Kasparov - dara player da babban birnin kasar wasika - da farko zama jam'iyyar zuwa ga yaro gasar da Tarayyar Soviet. Wannan lokaci, ya ne kawai da 7th wuri fiye da enthralls kallon, saboda yana da shekaru na sauran mahalarta akalla shekaru 6 na shekaru kadan gaba na dara. A shekara, tunkuɗa su da yaron ya kõmo zuwa gasar da ta lashe gagarumar nasara. A wannan lokaci, da matasan su lura da hakan da'ira na wasan na dara, kuma tun sa'an nan ba rage ganinsu, kallon da nasarorin da matasa Garik.

Tuni a cikin shekaru 15, ya karbi mai gida na wasanni a wasan na chess, wani m yaro taka rawa a cikin selection na kasar da babban wasannin. Sake lashe. A 1980 a Baku a gaba gasa dara player Garry Kasparov samun GM take, fatattakar Igorya Zaytseva - koci na gaba abokin gaba Anatoly Karpov.

Real biyu "K" da take na "World Champion"

A shekarar 1984, Kasparov (dara player) yi karo da na yanzu duniya dara Zakaran Anatoliem Karpovym. Ku yãƙe da nufin ya zama mafi kyau na biyu garwaya da kuma jinkirta shekaru 10. Duk wannan lokaci, tare da duniya ke kallon yakin biyu daga cikin mafi girma da 'yan wasan.

A farko fadan fara a cikin kaka na shekarar 1984. Tare da abin da hankali wasan ne ga dukan duniya. A duel yana da wani lokaci da iyaka da kuma karshe ya zama 6 wins daya daga cikin mahalarta taron. Nagartaccen Party, m tashin hankali ba ya ba shakata kowa. FATAWA da aka jinkirta for 159 kwanaki da zai iya šauki tsawon, amma kasa da kasa dara Federation yanke shawarar da ya katse wani dara yaƙi. A sakamakon zama a Draw da kuma take, bisa ga dokoki, shi ne Karpov. Wannan epochal duel tsakanin biyu manyan 'yan wasan kunshe a dara tarihi a matsayin na farko da kawai ba a kare ba dara yaƙi.

Kasparov da Karpov hadu sake for wani hukunci yaƙi, bayan watanni shida. Wannan lokaci da yaki da aka iyakance zuwa 24 jam'iyyun. Nuwamba 9 a lokacin da aka ci aka 13:11 Garry Kasparov - dara master, wanda biography ne ban sha'awa domin ta magoya - lashe wani cancanta cin nasara, kuma suka zama manya zakaran duniya. A wannan lokaci, da ya ke kawai shekaru 22 da haihuwa.

Fiye da shekaru 10, biyu m dara player ta wata uku ta faɗa. Amma kowane daga cikinsu ya ƙare a nasara Kasparov.

Zakaran rai

A samu na da lakabi na zakaran duniya a wasan na chess, Kasparov, ya sha nanata tabbatar da musamman flair. Ya lashe gasa, inda ya lashe m 'yan wasa.

A lokaci guda, Kasparov ya a cikin ni'imar da bude daga cikin Professional dara Organization (PCA), wanda daukawa wani adadin ashana da kuma gasa.

A shekara ta 1993, da baiwa na dara fito daga ainihi (International dara Organization) da aka kusan hana duk lakabi, lakabi da wurare a cikin duniya martaba. Amma wasu lokaci daga baya, da adalci rinjaya, kuma suna mayar da su ta rightful owner.

A wannan lokaci, Garri Kimovich tsunduma a cikin zaman jama'a da ayyukan. Yana buɗewa makaranta ga matasa talanti, a kowane hanya goyon baya ga bunkasa dara a kasashe daban-daban. Photo-Kasparov dara koyi a duk faɗin duniya.

Real mutum-kwamfuta

A shekarar 1996, da halitta na kwamfuta fasahar kalubalanci zakara, kuma ya ba su yi shakka yarda da shi. Bisa son sani da kuma amfani, m player zo Grips tare da na'ura. A karawar farko bar nasara ga wani mutum, ko da yake Kasparov hasarar daya wasan. Kuma a watan Mayu 1997, a lokacin da na biyu wasan ci Kasparov, kuma da lashe wasan zama da kwamfuta.

Bayan rasa 2 more sau GM shiga cikin wani dara yaƙi da inji. Dukansu sau, sakamakon zama a Draw.

A tsawon shekaru, amfani Kasparov zuwa kwamfuta fasahar ba a quenched, kuma a madadin na saki da dama ban sha'awa dara shirye-shirye.

harkar siyasa

Duk da babban aiki a cikin wasanni aiki ci gaba, m horo, sintiri, Kasparov mahaukaci siyasa entails.

Bayan crushing mataki a Baku, a 1990, zakara ya koma tare da iyalansa zuwa Moscow da aka hannu a cikin al'amurran siyasa na kasar. Dara player a cikin ni'imar da gabatarwar dimokuradiyya da tsunduma a gabatarwa da Democratic Party.

A lokacin, da harkar siyasa daga cikin shahararrun dara player ne a cike lilo. Member na zaben kamfen, dan fafutuka a cikin halittar jam'iyyar - wani m dara player riga ba zai iya kwatanta rayuwa ba tare da manufofin, babban mayar da hankali da abin da yake har yanzu a mulkin demokra] iyya.

Maintenance na wasanni aiki

Kaka 2000 zama wasu har a milestone a cikin rãyuwar Grandmaster.
A cikin gaba gasa a gane shugaban na wani tsoho game, Vladimir Kramnik ne mafi nasara da ya lashe babban dara player. Kasparov daina zama zakaran duniya, amma kawai ƙa'ida.

Bayan rasa Garri Kimovich, kasancewa a Multi-faceted hali, ba da gaske bakin ciki da kuma kara 5 shekaru na ci gaba da dauki bangare a cikin daban-daban dara gasa da kuma wasan. Babu shakka, samun dama nasarori.

Kuma a kan Maris 10 2005 da shekara ba zato ba tsammani ta sanar da tsare-tsaren gama aiki a matsayin dara player. Daga wannan lokacin, babban mayar da hankali da aikinsa zama siyasa a wadda Kasparov qara kife.

wallafe-wallafen da ayyukan

A farkon motsi a cikin dara Olympus Kasparov rubuta articles quite sau da yawa, wanda aka buga a daban-daban wallafe.
Bugu da kari da ya rubuta littattafai da dama a kan management dara wasanni da su kawo karshen.

A shekarar 1987 ya buga, da littafin-da tarihin kansa, "Child na Change". A littafin da aka wallafa a cikin harshen Turanci, kuma ba da aka rubuta da hannunsa, kuma ta tsananta a gida jarida. Sa'ilin da Kasparov saki littattafai da dama, da sadaukarwan su ƙaunataccen tsoho game.

Personal rai

Cardiac rayuwar wani sanannen dara 'yan wasa a matsayin bambancin matsayin shugabanci na ta aiki a waje duniya.

A shekarar 1986, an sani da Mariey Arapovoy. Sun kuma a cikin soyayya shiga cikin wani kulla kawance a bayan shekaru biyu, da kuma bayan wani uku a cikin iyali ke bayansa. Kuma haife mai ban mamaki 'yar - Pauline. Amma matsalolin na rayuwar yau da kullum, ƙaunataccen matar rikice-rikice ba tare da wani kasa masoyi uwa kai ga auka na iyali, kuma a shekarar 1993 da ma'aurata yin fitar da saki. Bayan wani lokaci, da tsohon matarsa da 'yar Polina bar kasar da kuma a halin yanzu rayuwa a cikin Amurka.

Bayan shekaru uku, da dara player Garry Kasparov, wanda biography da aka bayyana a cikin labarin, ya fara fuskanci ji na matasa dalibi, da kuma shi ƙarasa da wani m aure. Kasparov haife ɗa. Amma auren bai kawo farin ciki da kuma iyakar a saki a 2005. Kasparov sa'an nan ya auri peterburzhenke Dare Tarasovoy. Aure haife yara biyu - dan Nicholas kuma ya Aida.

A lokacin, da sunan wani dara player Kasparov da aka sani a duk faɗin duniya. Garri Kimovich ne ƙulla niyyar master of dara art, suka gangara a tarihi. Lashe dama dara Oscars, kuma lashe. Wani mutum wanda da ƙarfi ta shafi tenacity muhimmi a cikin karfi da hali, Kare ya views a duniya. Man, wanda bayan karshen rayuwa ta tafiya zai yi magana da shirya Legends.