Erythronium sibiricum: description, photo

Erythronium sibiricum - a herbaceous perennial shuka na Lily iyali. Kunshe a cikin Littafi Red.

Erythronium sibiricum: description

Shuka tsawo da kuma 30 cm. Kwan fitila 3-8 cm tsayi da diamita na 1 cm, tsallaka Tapered, ma cylindrical lokaci zuwa lokaci. Bar kusa da tushe daga tushe, ko a tsakiyar na biyu a yawan. an gajeren, m, udlinonno- ko ovate-lanceolate, monochrome m brownish ko grayish-kore, kore spots hange ta tsawon 15 cm, nisa - 6.3 cm.

Erythronium sibiricum, wani photo na wanda aka gabatar a wannan labarin, yana da guda flower, manyan, drooping perianth, kunsha na shida ganye, campanulate-contiguous a tushe, diverging kuma lankwasa waje. A perianth bar pinkish shunayya, purplish ruwan hoda, da fari, wani lokacin a tsawon na 7 cm, da nisa daga 12 mm. Ciki ganye a tushe na perianth kananan, mikawa perpendicularly.

Shida stamens, sau biyu ya fi guntu fiye da perianth, tare da oblong-mikakke anthers. Flat filaments, fusiform, kumbura tsakiya da kuma sosai mai ladabi a saman. Pistil stamens dan kadan ƙara (game da 20 mm). Threaded mashaya, thickening a saman, tare da 3 raba stigma, wanda rabo a cikin yafi dangantakar. Obovate kwai.

Flowering na faruwa a cikin marigayi Afrilu. Fruit - kusan mai siffar zobe, baya-ovoid, triangular akwatin har zuwa 20 mm tsawo da kuma 12 mm m. Tsaba a bit.

labarin kasa

Erythronium sibiricum shuka ya yada a Siberia, kuma shiga cikin duwatsu na Asiya ta tsakiya, Mongolia da kuma China. A mafi yawa a kudancin Siberia, yamma na da Yenisei kogin, Altai, Kemerovo, Novosibirsk da Tomsk yankuna, Khakassia. Gabas na Yenisei River ne kasa m. Eastern kwaminonin kasance a cikin West Sayan (Karatuzsky da Yermakovsky District of Krasnoyarsk Territory). A arewa ya kai gare shi da latitud na Krasnoyarsk (yafi yamma da Yenisei).

Taxonomic tsarin

Domin erythronium halin da gagarumin volatility. Local alƙarya ne iri-irin shuke-shuke, kuma sau da yawa za a iya samu a kusa markedly dabam-dabam-daban: daya-launi da kuma bambance-bambance da ganye, furanni a daban-daban masu girma dabam da kuma tabarau na shunayya, da ruwan hoda. Mutane da yawa shuke-shuke da aka gabatar a matsayin mafi ado al'adu. A sakamakon haka, sabon iri da aka bred a kan su akai. Daga cikin su akwai wadannan:

- White Fang. Yana blooms a karshen 30 Afrilu. Pure fararen furanni tare da rawaya cibiyar tare da diamita na game 6 cm. A ganye da kuma mai tushe na kore.

- White sarki. Shin wani wuri iri-iri, wanda Bloom a tsakiyar watan Afrilu. Pure fararen furanni tare da lemun tsami cibiyar, firam da m inconspicuous maki. Branches ta karshen nemowa Chalmovidnaya bayyanar. Bright kore ganye.

- Olga. Wannan Erythronium sibiricum blooms a marigayi Afrilu. A furanni ne pinkish-m, an rufe tare da ruwan hoda dige, tare da wani bakin ciki da farin iyaka. Bar - kore da launin ruwan kasa da stripe a gefen. Akwai sauran iri.

Kare Mahalli

Ephemeroid, bulbous Geofit zaune a Birch da Aspen, gauraye da coniferous gandun daji yin baƙi auku a cikin gandun daji, da yakan a cikin duwatsu zuwa 2800 m. Nezadernovannyh tsiro a cikin m kasa.

Erythronium sibiricum (photos za a iya kyan gani, a wannan labarin) - shi ne daya daga cikin mafi ranotsvetuschih shuke-shuke. Ya fara Bloom, a lokacin da snow narke. A kudancin Siberia wannan lokaci ya fara a watan Afrilu da kuma ƙare a tsakiyar watan Mayu (dangane da lokaci na narkewa snow da kuma yankin). A duwãtsu da shi ya auku daga baya. A cikin flowering zamani ne snowfalls kuma m dare da rana. A wannan yanayin, da tsire-tsire da ake gittar da mun gwada low yanayin zafi, kuma suna canjawa wuri ba tare da wani lalacewa.

A lokacin sanyi lokatai, da kuma da dare erythronium furanni rufe bayan fitowar rana - sake bayyana su. A cikin hali na mai dumi spring shuka sosai da sauri fades. Idan bazara da kuma tsawo da sanyi, da flowering wasu shuke-shuke iya wuce fiye da makonni biyu.

Ya kamata kuma a lura cewa wannan shuka nasekomoopylyamoe. An sosai rayayye ziyarci by ƙudan zuma da kuma bumblebees. Sau da yawa bakararre a kai-pollination. A lokacin watan flowering balagagge nau'i akwatin sanye take da wani appendage na manyan tsaba. A m sassa na flower bayan warwatse tsaba da sauri, a cikin 1-2 makonni, mutuwa. Wannan ya faru a cikin low band zuwa tsakiyar lokacin rani.

kare matsayi

Erythronium sibiricum ne kunshe a cikin Red Littãfi na Rasha da kuma yankuna a cikin abin da wannan jinsin aka samu: da Krasnoyarsk Territory, Khakassia, Altai Territory, Tomsk Region, da Novosibirsk yankin. An dauke m relict jinsunan. Har ila yau, ya kamata a lura da cewa gida rarraba qara da barazana da total rushewa daga cikin jinsunan.

Duk da m girma Erythronium sibiricum a wasu yankuna, wata barazana ga ta zama a matsayin cikakken fledged 'yan asalin jinsunan ya zauna. Na bayar da muhimmanci ne dalilai cikinsu yake saran na halitta habitats, a Bugu da kari, da tarin mutum irin sayarwa ga abinci dalilai ko matsayin ornamental shuka farkon spring. A cikin kasuwanni a cikin Siberian birane, duk da kariya ta jihar matsayi na jinsi, a watan Afrilu, da sayar da bouquets daga wannan shuka.

A amfani da ma'anar

Erythronium sibiricum - mai muhimmanci da abinci da kuma ornamental shuka.

Daya daga cikin mafi ado da m nau'in. M darajar ne farkon flowering, wanda, kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, daukan wuri kawai bayan da narkewa dusar ƙanƙara, a lokacin da sauran 'yan flowering nau'in. Wuce yarda da sanyi haƙuri. Don kwanan wata, yawan adadin jinsunan samu erythronium Siberian, abin da ya bambanta a tsakãninsu ado siffofin, flowering zamani.

Erythronium sibiricum amfani a gyara shimfidar wuri a kan lawns - spots tare da sauran Bishiyoyi masu dogon kwana. The asali bayyanar da farkon flowering sa shi mai ban sha'awa da kuma muhimmanci shuka. Manyan kwararan fitila ana amfani a cikin barasan, da furanni ne 'yan kwanaki a cikin ruwa.

Amma wannan ba duk wuraren da yin amfani da Siberian erythronium samu. Amai daga shi ne aka tattara a cikin farkon spring. An halin m launi da kuma wani sosai m ƙanshi. Kwararan fitila, da shuke-shuke za a iya ci kafin su aka tanada a cikin manyan yawa a wasu yankunan na kudancin Siberia. Bugu da kari, da kwararan fitila suna cinye ta dabbobi, ciki har da namomin Boars.