Colombia - kogin na da muhimmanci. Ina Colombia (kogin)? Properties na ruwa ya kwarara

Colombia - kogin, an located in North America, a arewa-yammacin nahiyar. Its tsawon ne game da 2 kilomita dubu. Yana gudana ta hanyar Washington, Oregon da kuma British Columbia. Power zai fi dacewa glacial. yanzu dõgẽwa a yanayi. Full-qoramu rafi da kuma tadawa canje-canje samar da yanayi mai kyau ga hydroelectric iko shuke-shuke. Shi ne a cikin wadannan yankunan, don samar da wutar lantarki da nagarta sosai.

Inflows

Colombia - kogin na biyar launuka, wanda yana da fiye da 50 aikin gandu.

• The most of su - da Snake. Ya gina yawa dams. Na farko shi ne Grand Coulee, Rock Island. An ban sha'awa Gaskiyar ita ce, a mahaɗar tsakãninsu da Snake River ne ya fi tsayi, wannan shi ne abin da ba ka damar ci gaba da shi a baje kama kifi masana'antu. A fannin ta tasa a wannan lokaci ya wuce jimlar size of Columbia River.
• Uillamentt. Daya daga cikin mafi girma a aikin gandu. Most kogin a Amurka: rufe 301 km. Gudana, rufe da dukan ƙasar na Jihar Oregon, Cascade Mountains, Coast Range. A mahaɗar tsakãninsu da Columbia aka gina shi a Portland - mafi girma a birnin.

• Kootenay. Yana faruwa a British Columbia, Idaho da kuma Montana. Yana da muhimmanci a matsayin wani tributary da kogin. Its tsawon shi ne dan kadan fiye da 700 km. A tushen is located a kan Biverfute (kunya) bi ruwa ba da'irar sunã gudãna Gabas Columbia, United States, da kuma dawo zuwa Canada. Ikon da aka kawota ta hanyar da glaciers.

• Lake Pend Oreille. Na uku mafi girma tributary da kogin. Gudana arewa Idaho, arewa maso gabashin Washington da kuma kudu maso gabashin British Columbia. Tsawon Panda Orey ne kawai 209 km. Yana fãra a Montana. A duka yankin na kwari ne 66 kilomita dubu (tare da duk doki).

ruwa amfani

Amfani da ruwa Colombia - kogin, wanda bautar da hudu wuri a cikin dukan Amurka ruwa jijiyoyi. Idan muka yi la'akari da kwarara, shi ne cikakken shugaban tsakanin North American ruwa kõguna sunã gudãna daga cikin Pacific Ocean. A batu inda adjoin da Amurka da kuma Kanada, ruwa ya kwarara kai 2700 m / s. A cikin karni na sha tara (1894), wannan adadi ne a yankin na Te Dulce karu da dama dubu sau - har zuwa 35 000 m / s. Tuni a cikin XX karni (1968), ruwa amfani an rage muhimmanci - 340 m / s.

migrating kifi

Ganin cewa, inda yake Colombia, da kogi ne mai arziki a cikin kifi, tanã fita daga cikin teku. Mutane da yawa wakilan marine nau'in, kamar salmonids (bakan gizo kifi, chinook, coho). Sau da yawa, baƙi ne, kuma sturgeon cewa iyo a cikin wadannan ruwayen 'yan sau a cikin rayuwarsa. Bayan 1867 ya fara da gina masana'antu, kifi yawan ya rage muhimmanci. A sakamakon haka, a dokar da aka wuce hani kama kifi Trolling.

Yafi a kan kifi hijirarsa shafi gina dams da levees, wanda, ya kamata a lura, shi ne mai arziki a cikin DC. River, saboda suna da wani rauni Trend a wasu wurare. Wannan rage yawan toya a wani ruwa-ruwa rafi. A baya can, da tafiya daga teku ya dauki wani fiye da makonni uku a cikin kogi, amma yanzu wannan adadi ya karu a kalla sau biyu. Wadannan canje-canje na boko muhimmanci ƙãra hadarin mutuwa, wadda take kaiwa zuwa nau'i nau'i. A cikin manya kai na cikin kogin sanaki wasu jinsunan kifaye da cewa ba zai sauka a cikin teku da kuma ba zai iya samun zuwa ga wasu ɓangare na ruwa saboda dams. Wannan muhimmanci rage girman su yawan jama'a.

Akwai wasu irin kifaye, da wakilan wanda zai iya rayuwa a karkashin m zafi da kuma jinkirin kwarara. Mafi yawa suka ciyar a kan kifi soya. Wannan shi ne abin da ya sa na} ananan hukumomi, ya dauko wata doka a kan gabatarwa da kama kifi fauna.

Kare Mahalli

Colombia - kogi, wanda shi ne quite datti. Bugu da kari ga sharar nukiliya a cikinta fall da kuma sauran abubuwa masu cutarwa da kuma mahadi, musamman, arsenic, da magungunan kashe qwari, biphenyls, kwayoyin. Saboda munanan yanayi a cikin pool kuma a cikin kogi kifi an samu tare da wani yawa na da gubobi. Wannan ba kawai rinjayar da yawan ruwa da dabbobi da kuma na taimaka wa nau'i nau'i na jinsunan, amma kuma ya cũtar da kiwon lafiya na mutum wanda yayi amfani da su. Wanda kullum yana aiki don inganta ruwa inganci da mayar da na halitta balance.

A cewar Kogin Columbia samar da wutar lantarki (photo ta gabatar a cikin labarin) an ranked farko a Amurka da Canada. Yana da aka gina 14 samar da wutar lantarki. An dade an san cewa a lokacin da Ruwan Tsufana, zuba a kan wani dogon nesa, shi ambaliyar dukan kewaye yankin.

A mafi muhimmanci canje-canje da aka yi wa Roosevelt, shugaban jihar. Ya canza bakin, ta fara da gina madatsar ruwa a farkon na XX karni. Bayan ta yi ruwan matakin tashi da fiye da 100 m. Yana yiwuwa ya haifar da wani tafki.