Ceramics skopinskaya: filin aikace-aikace (photo)

Pottery a cikin ƙasa ya tashi ko da kafin zamanin mu a wuraren da akwai filastik ja da fari clays. "Alloli ba su ƙone tukunya ba," tsoffin Helenawa sunyi magana kuma suna da gaskiya, suna motsawa daga wasu hanyoyi masu wuyar gaske.

Fusar kifi kusa da Ryazan

Vyatichi a zamanin Kievan Rus ya gano yumbu, dacewa don yin jita-jita, a wuraren da garin Skopin zai girma a kusa da Ryazan. Amma a cikin taro yawan ya fara da za a yi tun tsakiyar karni na XVII.

An yi amfani da samfurori don masarauta. An yi musu lakabi, tayal, har ma da bututun gaji. Mafi yawa daga baya, a cikin shekaru 250 bayan haka, zane-zane sun bayyana, inda suka yi samfurori da samfurori na siffofin da ke da mahimmanci: kumgan, kvassniki, candlesticks. Sabili da haka ma'aikatar yumburan Skopinsky ta girma kuma ta ci gaba. An nuna hotunan Skopinskaya a wani nuni a birnin Paris a 1900. An gabatar da nauyin halayen kayan kyamara na kayan ado, tasoshin ado da stucco. A glaze ya launin ruwan kasa, rawaya, kore da kuma azurfa launi.

Abin da ke shahara ga shuka

Daga shekara ta 1914 zuwa 1920, a lokacin shekarun yakin, samarwa ya tsaya, amma an sake buɗe shi a tsakiyar shekarun 1930, lokacin da aka kafa Skopinsky Factory of Art Art. An halicce shi a yayin da aka haɗu da bita na hamsin hamsin, wanda aka haɗa da juna ta hanyar Keramik artel. Skopinskaya masana'antar zane-zanen kayan fasaha kuma suna samar da tukwane, fitilu, cactus da tukunyar fure-fure, waɗanda suke da tsalle don ruwa. Ƙarar su zai iya kai har zuwa lita 50.

Skopinskaya tukwane ne unusually fadi da kewayon, wanda ya hada da kasa da kuma tebur vases, fensir da kambun, piggy bankuna, Utensils for obin na lantarki tanda, fale-falen kuma mafi.

Production

Gishiri mai laushi yana haɗuwa da ruwa. Sa'an nan an saka shi sosai a hankali kuma ya canza. Bayan wannan, yumbu kullu zai iya daukar kowane nau'i. Don yin amfani da tukunyar tukwane, ana amfani da launi "fatty", wanda ke da nauyin filasta. Su masu haske ne da m don taɓawa. Shi ne saboda irin clays ne Skopinskaya tukwane, wanda ya riƙi siffar cewa shi yana so ya ba da master of maginin tukwane dabaran.

Sanin shirin da fasaha na aiwatarwa zai iya zama kyauta mai ban sha'awa ga wanda yake neman kyauta na musamman. Kuma idan an yi amfani da simintin gyare-gyaren, za'a tsaftace taro zuwa wata ƙasa mai yawan ruwa kuma a zuba cikin gypsum molds. Sa'an nan kuma, kafin firfitawa, samfurori sun bushe a ɗakin zafin jiki sannan a tura su zuwa tanda. Skopinsky shuka kayan ƙwayoyi yana amfani ne kawai da kayan haɗin gine-ginen muhalli.

Fasaha

Dukkan hanyoyin sarrafa kayan aiki suna aiki sosai. Da farko, an yi siffar a kan tayarwar maginin tukwane, sa'an nan kuma an zana siffofi masu banƙyama, yumɓu yana jingina da nau'in da yumɓu mai yumɓu, kuma an ɗaure dukkan sassan da tsumma. Sa'an nan kuma kayan aikin skopinskaya ana sarrafa su tare da fatar jiki ko tsalle-tsalle don yin arcs, circles, spirals da sauran kayan ado. Bayan nan, cikin samfurin da aka aika zuwa wani gini da kuma kora a t ⁰ 600 C da kuma sanyaya shi.

Paints

A samfurin da aka sa'an nan mai rufi da glaze da kuma kora sake a 1200 t ⁰ C. ta launuka iya zama daban-daban. Suna dogara ne akan samfurori na karfe wanda aka kara da su. Ryazan Masters sun sanya Skopinskaya kayan ado, launin shi ya yi wasa daban-daban shades. Don canza launin launin rawaya, wanda ya dace daidai da inuwa mai launin ruwan kasa mai yumɓu, an yi amfani da oxide na yin amfani da shi (a baya sauƙi ƙasa zuwa sikelin foda). Don samun launin jan launi - jan ƙarfe, don ciyawa-kore - chromium oxide, don blue - cobalt oxide.

Wannan tsari yana aiki ne kuma yana aiki tare da hannu. Tun da yake Skopinskaya kayan ado suna amfani dashi don dalilai na abinci, jagoran ba a amfani dasu ba, kuma dukkanin samfurori sune gaskantawa.

Products

Dukkan kayan fasahar skopinskaya, wanda tsirrai ya samar, za a iya raba kashi biyu:

• Abubuwan da aka yi nufi don dalilai na abinci.
• Kayayyakin ado.

Kuma duk waɗannan za a iya ƙidaya zuwa cikin wadannan Kategorien:

• Samar da samfur.
• Samfura daga chamotte.
• Ayyukan marubucin.

Halittar sababbin siffofin suna tallafawa ta manyan ɗalibai masu zane-zane waɗanda zane-zanensu suka samo asali daga mashawarcin masu kyau. Babu shakka, ƙirar samfurori na samfurori ba za a iya yi ba tare da sanin dukiyar kayan abu ba. Alal misali, misali an gina kwanan nan a cikin hutun, a kan rufin wanda ba kawai wani bututu ba ne, amma har ma wani ɗan kwandon da yake zaune kusa da juna, mai masaukin baki da farfajiyar suna a kowane gefe na gidan, kuma a bayan su yana da shinge tare da tukwane a kan kwando. Ko kuma za ku iya la'akari da wani lambu. Yana da launin ruwan kasa mai launin launin fata, wanda ganyayyaki yake da shi. Kuma kusa da shi akwai wani uwar gida mai banƙyama tare da launin ja, tare da kawunansu a kan kai, hannuwanta suna kwance a kan kwatangwalo. Ta yaba da zuma. Waɗannan samfurori za su ba da dandano mai zafi da gaske na kasar Rasha a kitchen. Ana yin fensir mai banƙyama a cikin nau'i mai tsutsa, wanda fuskarsa ta kwaikwayi wata haushi. Daga tushensa ya yi shuka namomin kaza tare da idanu, an ci su, kuma suna kallo. Duk kamar yadda a cikin karin magana.

A cikin hoton da ke sama - daya daga cikin misalan abubuwan ban sha'awa na yau da kullum.

A shuka samar da hardscape na grog. Chamotte wani nau'i ne na kayan ƙanshi, mafi yawancin launin launi mai haske. Ba a yi ba, kuma fuskarsa ba ta da tsami. Vases, tukwane, takalma masu ado, swans - wannan jerin samfurori ne da ba su cika ba daga chamotte. Ana shigar da su a kan makircin gida, ana amfani da ita azaman kayan ado na zane. Suna da ban sha'awa sosai a cikin al'ada, suna zaune a kan lawn ko kusa da Trunks. Amma tun da ba su son yanayin zafi mara kyau, an kai su zuwa wuraren da aka fara hunturu.

Ana kuma sayar da kayayyaki ga abokan ciniki ba tare da zane ba. Sabili da haka, tun da saya shi, zaka iya gane kwarewarka ta hanyar daɗaɗɗen zane wanda aka saya, alal misali, kullun, wanda a nan gaba zai zama fitilu.

Misalai mafi kyau na samfurori Skopinsky sun sami wurin su a gidajen kayan tarihi. A nune-nunen fasaha na fasaha suna karɓar diplomas da haruffa haɗin godewa. Products Skopinsky masters, sosai m da kuma m, na iya zama kyauta mai ban mamaki.