Cathedral of St. Mark a Venice (photos)

Beautiful Venice ya yi wahayi zuwa yawa artists, kasida da kuma masu kida ya halicci duniya-sanannen ayyukansu. Wannan ba abin mamaki bane. Birni, inda m yanayi ne da daidaituwa da alaka da dadi gine da kuma dogon tarihi, babu wanda zai iya zama sha'aninsu dabam. Inda kowane gini ne mai yawon shakatawa janye, amma a cikin wannan labarin, za mu gabatar muku da m gini - Cathedral of St. Mark.

ɗakin sujada

A Venice, a ko'ina za ka iya samun dama Monuments sadaukar da bishara Mark, wanda ya dade da aka dauke da majiɓinci, saint birnin. A farko ɗakin sujada sadaukar wa Manzon Allah, ya bayyana a cikin birnin da baya a shekara 829. Ta babban dakin bauta da sauran kaya daga St. Mark, wanda Venetian matuƙan sace daga Alexandria.

Lokacin da Venetians ga Musulmi savagely hallaka haikalin na Kiristoci da kuma a wurin ginawa masallatai, sai suka yanke shawarar ci gaba da kaya daga cikin bishara daga gurbacewa. Kamar yadda tsoho labari don gudanar da m relic a kan jirgin, Kasuwanci tafi zuwa ga abin zamba - suka aza naman alade carcasses sauran kaya daga cikin saint, da kuma jami'an aikin kwastan ce cewa shari naman alade. Saracens wa'azi Musulunci, bai yi kuskure a taba ƙazantu dabbobi, da kuma bai duba kaya. A Basilica na St. Mark a wani m tawaye a 976 ƙone. A lokaci guda, ya aka dethroned Venetian gwamnan Pietro IV Candiano.

A tarihin Ikilisiya

Cathedral of St. Mark, wanda tarihi ya fara a 1063, aka karin ba kawai talakawa yawon bude ido. Su ganin darajarsa da kuma har yanzu ci gaba da karatu da masana a fagen gine. Neman a hoto, da yawa mamaki wanda birni tsaye da Cathedral of St. Mark. Hakika, a zamanin d Venice (Italy).

A 1071, a lokacin da babban coci da aka ba a kammala, shi da aka daukaka zuwa matsayi na sabon shugaban birnin - Domenico Selvo. A lokacin da ya (1071-1084 gg.) Ya fara da farko samar da sake zagayowar na mosaic ado na babban coci. Sadaukar da haikali a 1094 a lokacin da Vitale Faliero. Wannan m (doge) aka binne shi a daya daga cikin galleries, inda ne narthex cikin Haikali a yau.

St. Mark ta Cathedral, mai hoto wanda za ka iya gani a wannan labarin, da aka gina fairly da sauri - a cikin shekaru talatin da. Amma shi ne kullum kumbura, kuma ado a cikin gaba shekara ɗari biyar.

A venitsiantsev bayyana cewa sace kaya koyi Iskandariyawa, don haka suka yanke shawarar kira "da mu'ujiza" na ziyartar ragowar. An tsoho labari ya ce cewa mazauna birnin da aka umurce su da su yi azumi da addu'a domin Ubangiji ya taimake sami kaya daga Mark. Kuma wata rana, Allah zai "ji" salla jama'a - a lokacin daya daga cikin coci ayyuka a cikin ginshiki yana da ba a marmara slab, kuma a cikin rami parishioners ga hannun wani saint. Babu shakka da ya rage - da sauran kaya taimake sami wani "mu'ujiza".

Palace Chapel

Na dogon lokaci da Cathedral of St. Mark (Venice) ne a gidan sarauta ɗakin sujada. A cikin wannan Haikali suka lashe shugabanni (doji), amma a nan suka sami karshe kyaun wurin ƙailũla. A haikalin da aka albarka sojojin ya yi nasara a Jihadi. Akwai shugabannin samu albarka, barin m tafiya.

A cikin wadannan tsoho ganuwar sarki na Roma - Frederick na Barbarossa - I kammala dogon-jiran zaman lafiya tare da Alexander III. Ba tare da wani muhimmin Mass a cikin Basilica na wani farashi, babu birni bikin. A cikin square a gaban haikalin suke m da kuma ci gaba da yin amo yanzu shahara Venetian carnivals da sauran bukukuwan da aka gudanar.

St. Mark ta Cathedral a Venice: Architecture

Wuya wanda ya yi musu da tabbatarwa cewa wannan coci - daya daga cikin mafi ban sha'awa da kuma m jan hankali. A babbar majestic gini janyo hankalin yawon bude ido daga ko'ina cikin duniya. Abin da yake haka m Cathedral of St. Mark? Zama a karkashin ta arches, bisa ga sanarwa na ikilisiya - ne mai girma da farin ciki. Monumental tsarin Qarfafa bangaskiya, da kuma tsarkaka da rai.

Amma ba za mu iya ce game da gine-gine da siffofin musamman tsarin. St. Mark ta Cathedral, wani bayanin wanda za a iya samu a duk guidebooks for Venice, shi yana da biyar entrances. Kowane daga cikinsu shi ne wani sassaka da kuma ginshikan a biyu tiers. Gorgeous mosaic abun da ke ciki sama ƙofar show abubuwan da suke da nasaba da sata da sauran kaya daga cikin saint da kuma bayyanar da su a Venice.

A gicciye domed Cathedral of St. Mark halitta a kan tsarin da coci Manzanni a Konstantinoful. Kamar yadda muka ambata, biyar ƙarni daga baya kumbura, kuma ƙawãta Haikali. marmara ta a kan facade na babban coci fara a 1159. A XII karni mosaics a tsakiyar Dome da vaults. Baptisery da Capella sadarwa. Isidore aka kara a 1354. Capella Mascolo bayyana a cikin XV karni, kazalika da sacristy. A cikin wadannan, XVI karni, akwai wani ɗakin sujada na Zen. A ado na coci da aka kammala a karshen cikin XV karni. Wannan ya tabbatar da image a cikin hoton J. Bellini.

Masana sun lura da bayyana heterogeneity na gine-gine styles na yankin a gaban Haikalin. St. Mark ta Cathedral ne ta tsarin gine-gine rinjaye. Marubucin na aikin da aka gina da m ba a sani ba Greek m wanda ya ba da dalilin gina wani Byzantine giciye, kuma shi ne lashe tare da hudu Dome-karshen, na biyar shi ne tushen.

Sama da babban ƙofar babban coci za ka iya ganin baka da wani ban mamaki mosaic. Sama da babban ƙofar ne a mural depicting scenes daga Last iyãma. A kan rufin aka shigar da wani kwafin na hudu da dawakai da tagulla. Wannan sassaka da aka kawo daga Konstantinoful (1204) a matsayin yaki ganima.

Cathedral sauran kaya

Mafi yawa daga cikin tsoho sauran kaya daga Haikalin zo nan bayan faduwar Konstantinoful. Wadannan da farko hada Quadriga located a kan yammacin facade. Wannan shi ne wani kwafin, kuma ta asali da aka sa a cikin gidan kayan gargajiya na cikin Haikali. Bugu da kari, wani na musamman "bagaden zinariya" yi kyau Byzantine Masters, da icon "Madonna Nikopeya".

A ciki ado

St. Mark Basilica (Venice) rinjayar duk wanda ya zo karkashin ta arches, kuri'a na launin marmara, mosaics na Littafi Mai Tsarki al'amuran. Su zauna a babban yankin - fiye da dubu huɗu murabba'in mita. Amazing guda na canza launin gilashin an dage farawa daga kan thinnest zanen gado na zinariya. Reliquary sadarwa. Alama adana karkashin kyalkyali Jewels, da zinariya kursiyin da babban bagaden. Sama da shi an saita zuwa "bagaden zinariya" - musamman iconostasis, wanda aka sanya Byzantine Masters a 1343, izini da Venetians.

Sanya na zinariya-plated azurfa gothic frame kunshi 250 takaitaccen siffofi a kan enamel inlaid 2000 semiprecious da duwatsu masu daraja. A kan bagaden za ka iya ganin al'amuran daga Sabon Alkawari da kuma rayuwar Manzo Mark. Saboda da babbar adadin na zinariya babban coci wani lokacin ake kira da "Golden Basilica".

Yau, da Cathedral of St. Mark - wani aiki Haikali. Daily sabis da ake gudanar a cikin ɗakin sujada na St. Isidore. Ko da yaushe mai yawa ayyuka, ba kawai parishioners, amma kuma baƙi zuwa birni. Kowace rana, za ka iya ziyarci Cathedral of St. Mark a Venice. Bude sa'o'i cikin Haikali ne sosai dace domin baƙi - daga 9:45 zuwa 16:00. Bugu da kari ga sauran kaya, to Haikali sauran kaya sun hada da icon na Virgin Nikopea da ikon shahidi Isidore. Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa a nan ana kullum isa Kirista mahajjata daga ko'ina cikin duniya.

St Mark ta Campanile (Venice)

Saboda haka kiran da kararrawa hasumiyar da coci. Yana da wani ɓangare daga cikin babban coci. An located a kan babban square da birnin. Daga nan za ka iya ganin duk Venice, kamar yadda tsawo daga cikin ginin ne 99 mita, shi ne mafi girma a Venice.

tarihi bayanai

A Sabunta karni, akwai agogo hasumiya. Yana ƙone a wuta, wanda ya faru bayan da wani walƙiya yajin. A shekarar 1514, a birnin akwai kararrawa hasumiya, wanda za a iya gani a yau. Ya qaddamar da shiri na admiral Grimani. Ya yi domin samun amincewa daga cikin 'yan ƙasa da kuma jami'an kananan hukumomi, kamar yadda a gabãnin haka, ya bai cika da aiki, dangane da wanda ya iya daure. Yau za mu iya cewa da tabbaci ba St Mark ta Campanile aka gina a kan Grimani nufi.

Wannan gini shi ne shiryuwa ga tuƙi da hasumiya. Saboda haka shi ne daidai kyan gani kewaye yankin. Duk da haka, shi ya kasance wani wuri na azãba, kuma ka firistoci waɗanda aka gani a guda-jima'i dangantaka. Su aka sanya shi a cikin na musamman cages kuma sun rataye daga hasumiya.

description

Campanile St Mark ta Cathedral da biyar karrarawa, kuma kowane daga cikinsu daukawa fitar da aiki. The most of su busa a cikin safe, gaya mazauna cewa rana ya fara.

A 1902, yakin ya fashe a daya bango da kuma rushe. Abin farin, babu wanda aka ji masa rauni. A shekaru 10 (1912), da hasumiya da aka gina.

Facade loge wakiltar uku arches ado gefen ginshikan. Tsakanin su a maharibai ne tagulla mutummutumai na Mercury, Minerva, Apollo. A lokacin da maimaitawa a 1912 a kaikaice facades, wanda tun asali sanya bulo, marmara jajjefe.