Barberry Amur: sa bayanin da hotuna

Amur barberry - shi ne jakin na iyali Berberidaceae, daya daga cikin jinsunan barberry. Ba kowa sanin abin da yake wannan shuka. A bayanin da photo na wani barberry Amur kunshe ne a cikin wannan labarin.

Yankin na rarraba

A cikin daji, Amur barberry tsiro a cikin Primorsky Abuja da kuma kudancin Khabarovsk Territory, a gabashin kasar Sin, Korea, jera a Japan. Sunan shi saboda da bayanin irin Amur River kwarin.

Ya fi son deciduous, m-Leaved Pine da kuma itacen al'ul-fir gandun daji, gandun daji gefuna, bankuna na dutsen koguna, kogin baranda, shrubs, bushe m da gravelly gangara. Very m of humus-arzikin ƙasa. M thickets na barberry tsiro.

A shuka kanta ne hunturu-Hardy, fari-resistant da zafi-resistant, don haka lambu nasarar noma shi cikin Rasha.

Barberry Amur: bayanin irin iri-iri

Barberry ne subramose ƙayayuwa. Ya tsawo - 3.5 mita. Shrub tare da mike, dan kadan branched, kafa da kuma Ribbed rassan cewa fada canza launi daga rawaya zuwa launin toka.

Kodan daga Amur barberry ja ko ruwan kasa launi, mai tsawon 1.5 mm, ostrenkie. A ganye suna sanya gaba, leaf siffar - elliptical ko obovate, takardar tsawon - 12 cm nisa - 5 cm webbed bar kansu, da gefuna -. Kolyuchezubchatye finely. Leaf launi dabam daga matt haske kore su shunayya, duhu ja. Ganye girma mafi yawa a takaice harbe bugo.

A spines na Amur barberry yellowish yawanci ne tripartite, isa wani tsawon 3 cm. One-shekara stool harbe sau da yawa da 4-5 ko 7 raba spines cylindrical ko lebur siffar da thickened.

A inflorescences da racemiform daji a tsawon - har zuwa 10 cm, a cikin Inflorescence daga 10 zuwa 25 furanni. Flowers kansu suke sun rataye a kan dogon stalks (game da 1 cm), launi - kodadde rawaya, karfi ƙanshi sãɓawa jũna. Shida sepals obovate. Petals da stamens da shida. Flowering shrub Amur barberry a watan Mayu da Yuni, tsowon lokacin flowering - har zuwa kwanaki 20.

Berries a barberry ne dryish, wani ellipsoidal siffar, tsawon game da 1 cm, da launi - mai haske ja, m iyawa. Seed ovoid a siffar, 4-5 mm a tsawon. 1 kg na da game da 6200 'ya'yan. Lokaci na fruiting shrub - Agusta-Oktoba.

To takaita bayanin irin Amur barberry, zamu iya cewa a yau wannan shuka ne quite rare. Saboda kyau siffar shrub, manyan ganye, m flowering da fruiting shawarar duka biyu guda kuma kungiyar dasa, kazalika da Hedges.

billet

Amur Barberry ne sau da yawa amfani don magani dalilai. Girbi da ganye, 'ya'yan itãcen marmari, haushi da kuma tushen da shuka.

Leaf Girbi faruwa a watan Mayu da Yuni, a lokacin da barberry blooms. Ganye za a iya yanka da almakashi ko hutu. Sa'an nan kuma suna bushe, kwanciya a kan takarda ko masana'anta a ventilated wuri (a cikin ɗaki ƙarƙashin marufi ko a karkashin wani gini). Bayan da ganye sun bushe, su ne duhu kore sama da haske kore a ƙasa. Su da kansu ne na bakin ciki, gaggautsa, nada, tare da peculiar wari da kuma wani dan kadan acidic dandano. Dace da adanar bushe, da-ventilated yankin. Ganye suna adana, yawanci 1-1.5 shekaru.

Tushen Girbi daukan wuri a cikin kaka (Oktoba-Nuwamba) da spring (Afrilu). Suna bukatar su yi ta tono tare da shebur, girgiza kashe a ƙasa, ya yanke kananan Tushen, da kuma bushe iska. Wanke su ba dole ba ne ya kula da warkewa Properties. Bushe Tushen ya kamata a yanke ta 1.5-2 cm, da kuma bushe da kyau. Domin wannan fit a matsayin zubar ko ɗaki ƙarƙashin marufi da na'urar busar ko tanda. To bushe tushen da a tsaye Lines, a cikin wani lemun tsami-rawaya waje - launin ruwan kasa, tare da kadan wari da kuma wani m iyawa.

Cikakken daji tushen tsarin da ba a amfani, ayan bar stalk 10-15 cm. M Tushen (diamita na fiye da 6 cm) da ake amfani kawai karamin adadin haushi da kuma core.

A bushe Tushen suna cushe a cikin jaka da kuma adana har zuwa shekaru 3.

haushi billet auku a spring (Afrilu-May), a lokacin da sap kwarara fara. Don yin wannan, m kawai matasa rassan, wanda aka zira kwallon a kusa da diamita na 10-15 cm, sa'an nan a yanka lengthwise da kuma cire ɓawon burodi. Yana dole ne ma za a bushe kamar yadda asalinsu. Lokacin da bushe haushi kama wani bututu da GROOVES ko itace sharan a ciki surface. A launi na bushe haushi shi ne yellowish m ciki da kuma m, ko brownish-rawaya a kan waje, tare da low takamaiman wari da kuma m, ku ɗanɗani. Yana za a iya adana har zuwa shekaru 3.

Tattara 'ya'yan auku bayan da cikakken maturation a cikin marigayi kaka, lokacin da za ta farko sanyi. Bushewa iya zama a cikin rana, a karkashin gini, ko a cikin tanda.

A sunadarai abun da ke ciki da kuma pharmacological Properties

Barberry Amur arziki alkaloids, berberine, palmitin et al. Haushi da kuma tushen arziki berberine, oksiakantinom, alkaloids, tanning, kala da kuma resinous abubuwa.

Barberry 'ya'yan itatuwa ne mai arziki a cikin sugars, carotene, bitamin K, ascorbic, citric, tartaric, malic acid, alkaloids, tannin, pectin, kala abubuwa, ma'adinai salts. A ganye ne mai arziki a tannins, resinous abubuwa, da muhimmanci mai, bitamin C, malic acid, carotene, filohinonom.

A shirye-shirye barberry kumburi, choleretic, diuretic, antibacterial, astringent, hemostatic da maganin antiseptik Properties. Tare da shigowa na barberry berberine rage hawan jini, bugun jini jinkirin tachycardia, kara kwarara daga bile.

Amur barberry yadu a yi amfani da maganin. Sun yi wa na kullum cutar hanta da kuma gall mafitsara, ciki miki da duodenal ulcers, kumburi daga cikin manya na numfashi fili da kuma tarin fuka. Tare da barberry warke zawo, dysentery, asma. Tincture na barberry daina igiyar ciki zub da jini a cikin zubar lokaci.

Dasa da kuma kula

Amur barberry ba picky game da kasar gona, ba ji tsoron tsananin iska, tolerates fari, ba ya son Scotland kawai. Photophilous shuka, amma za su yi girma sosai a cikin m inuwa. A wannan yanayin akwai daya kawai alama: idan bushes girma a cikin hasken rana kai tsaye, da launi da ganye ne cikakken m. daga bushes girma a cikin m inuwa, da ganye zai zama ba kore.

Lokacin guda dasa nesa tsakanin shuke-shuke ya zama kamar 1,5-2 mita. Yin yardar kaina girma shinge, dasa biyu bushes na barberry a kan 1 mita. Idan kana bukatar wani m shinge, daji 4 zuwa 1 mita.

A shuka ke tsiro da kyau a acidic kuma a tsaka tsaki kasa, ko da yake ya fi son tsaka tsaki.

A kasar gona cakuda da aka shirya don dasa lambu ƙasa, humus da yashi a daidai rabbai. Idan ƙasa ne har yanzu m, shi ne shawarar da wani sashe liming.

Ciyar da shuka iya zama a cikin shekara ta biyu bayan dasa. A cikin bazara shi ne yake aikata da taimakon nitrogen da takin mai magani. Bayan da ka bukatar ka ciyar da 1 a kowace shekaru 3 na hadadden takin da alama abubuwa. Barberry shayar 1 lokaci na mako daya. A shuka kuma likes to m weeding da hoeing.

Rike shekara-shekara pruning barberry - cire rauni, talauci ɓullo da harbe. Spring haihuwa bushes kyawawa don bakin ciki fitar. Siffata Hedges, pruning ne da za'ayi a shekara ta biyu bayan dasa, yankan kashe tare da game da rabi daga cikin m part. Bayan wannan pruning ne da za'ayi sau 2 a shekara: a watan Yuni, kuma a watan Agusta.

Cututtuka da kuma kwari

Amur Barberry aka shafi da wadannan kwari:

1. Barberry aphids - tare da ganye shrivel kuma bushe up. Ya taimaka wajen rabu da wani bayani da sabulu (300 gr. Sabulu guga na ruwa). Fesa a cikin bazara.
2. Flower asu - wadannan caterpillars ci kawar da 'ya'yan itace. Ya taimaka wajen rabu da shi, "Decis" (0.05-0.01%) ko "trichlorfon" (0.1-0.3%).

Na cututtuka za a iya ambata powdery fumfuna. An bayyana matsayin powdery shafi a kan ganye, harbe da kuma 'ya'yan itatuwa.

Rabu da shi taimaka colloidal bayani da sulfur (0.5%), sulfur-lemun tsami-sulfur cakuda ko lemun tsami broth. Da farko da aka fesa a lokacin da Bloom bar sa'an nan kowane 2-3 makonni. Mai tsanani kamuwa da harbe dole ne a cire kuma kone su.

Barberry tsatsa a cikin wannan aji aka shafi kasa da sauran nau'o'in barberry.

Farfagandar da namo barberry Amur

Propagated tsire-tsire ta rarraba daji, Tushen, cuttings da tsaba. Tare da farko duk bayyanannu, la'akari da Amur barberry girma daga zuriya.

Shuka da tsaba, ayan fada. Freshly tsince berries to latsa, raraka ta hanyar sieve, kurkura ɗauka da sauƙi bushe.

amfanin gona da kanta ne da za'ayi a cikin pre-shirye furrows a zurfin ba fiye da 1 cm na ƙasa domin girma Amur barberry ya zama sako-sako da kuma m, da kuma yankin -. bude da kuma da-lit. A farkon lokacin rani, da tsaba germinate a unison. Lokacin da za a yi biyu real ganye, da seedlings bukatar bakin ciki fitar, da barin tsakanin su a nesa na game da 3 cm. Bayan da cewa, shi ne mafi alhẽri ba dashi seedlings, transplanting ne zai yiwu bayan shekaru biyu.

Amfani barberry

Amfani da Amur barberry multifaceted. Bayan ta likita Properties na barberry bushes samar Hedges da kuma curbs. Wadannan shrubs ne m yanayi na tsakiyar kasar Rasha. Shinge na su ne impenetrable. Su za a iya sauƙi yanka, yin duk wani nau'i na bushes. Barberry ne dace da soliternyh, da kuma ga kungiyar dasa, namo a dutse gõnaki, kuma kamar yadda ƙasa murfin.

dadin jikina

Mafi mashahuri iri na Amur barberry - shi ne Orpheus da japonica.

Orpheus - karamin bushes na kananan size. Ya mai haske ganye da kuma ya ba Bloom.

Japonica da m ganye da kuma dogon rawaya Inflorescence, drooping a cikin wani nau'i na goga. Godiya ga wannan shuka ne da kyau sosai.