Abun ciki na Apollinus (rashin lafiya): cututtuka da hanyoyi na magani

Yanayin da ke nuna rashin halayen aiki da kuma rashin kulawa, wanda ya faru saboda sakamakon cin zarafi na kwayar cutar, an kira shi ciwo ne na apallic. An gabatar da wannan kalma a magani a 1940 ta hanyar likitancin Jamus E. Krechmer.

Dalilin

Yawancin lokaci maƙaryaci mai tasowa (wannan shine sunan na biyu na rashin lafiya da aka gani a cikin wannan labarin) yana faruwa bayan mummunan rauni na craniocerebral. Sau da yawa, irin wannan cuta ta jiki yana tasowa sakamakon sakamakon hypoxic, mai guba, na rayuwa, na jijiyoyin jini, da ciwon kwakwalwa. An lura cewa an gano wannan cuta a cikin kashi 14 cikin dari na marasa lafiya da ke cikin dogon lokaci. Abun ciwo a cikin yarinya sau da yawa yakan faru bayan maningoencephalitis, resuscitation, craniocerebral trauma. A wannan yanayin, cutar zai iya ci gaba da hankali don watanni 2-3 ko ma shekaru. A marasa lafiya da suke a coma for ba-traumatic asali, kamar yanayin da ake dangantawa da tsarin lalacewar muhimmi ganglia da bawo da zumunta adana kwakwalwa kara.

Hoton hoto

Kwayoyin cututtuka na wannan ilimin ya zama sananne ne kawai bayan mai haƙuri ya bar jihar coma. A wannan lokacin farfulness an mayar da shi. A matsayinka na mulkin, idanun mutumin da aka gano tare da rashin lafiya na apallic ya bude. Yana sauƙi juya su, amma baya gyara wurin. Duk wani halayen motsa jiki da magana ba su nan. Saduwa da irin wannan mutumin ba shi yiwuwa ba, tun da umarnin da ba a san su ba. A lokuta mafi tsanani, mai haƙuri yana kwanciya, yana da ƙwayoyin ƙarancin. Sau da yawa marasa lafiya tare da wannan Pathology faruwa inna, paresis, hyperkinesis, oculomotor disturbances. Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa a lokuta masu tsanani da ciwon ya kara zuwa ga tushe da ƙananan tsarin kwakwalwa. A wannan yanayin, marasa lafiya sun amsa matsaloli iri-iri, mafi yawan gaske mai raɗaɗi, a cikin muryar sauti ko sautin motsi. A wasu lokuta, akwai yiwuwar fahimta ko gwanin magana. Mai haƙuri yana buɗe bakinsa, kuma lokacin da abubuwa suke fuskantar fuskar, harshe yana fitowa. Bugu da kari, duk kayan aiki na vegetative, irin su haɗiye, aikin zuciya, numfashi, tsotsa, haɗari na fure da fitsari. Matsayin da mutum yake da shi na ganewa da "rashin lafiyar apalysis" - hannayensu a cikin ƙuƙwalwar hannu, ƙafãfun suna a cikin shinge. Fuskar fuska ce, wani lokacin akwai tsinkaye. A cikin gwiwa da gwiwar hannuwan hannu, wani karamin ƙararraki yana iya ganewa. A cikin marasa lafiya da suke cikin haɗari masu tasowa, akwai canji a cikin lokacin tashin hankali da barci, mai zaman kansa na kwanakin rana.

Ƙididdigar ƙwararru

An bayyana ciwo na apallic (mummunan haɗari) bisa ga siffofin halayyar. Har ila yau, don ganewar asali na ilimin lissafi na amfani da duban dan tayi nazarin kwayoyin halitta da kuma manyan sutura da hanta na hanta, shugaban, ƙwayoyi da kodan. Bugu da ƙari, ana amfani da capillaroscopy na ƙananan ƙwayoyin jini na jikin jiki, gyaran ECG na canzawa a cikin ƙwayar zuciya. Gwajin aikin aikin kwakwalwa (electroencephalogram) da kuma yanayin kwakwalwa na jiki don matsalolin jiki da na jiki, da kuma nazarin neurology da sumatic.

Halin fasali

A cikin EEG a cikin makonni na farko alama aka nuna canje-canjen kowa da kowa. Kuma a cikin watanni biyu ko uku, yawancin aikin da ake da shi ya kasance. Bayan watanni shida, aikin haruffa yana bayyana (tare da ƙananan ƙididdiga). A sakamakon nazarin da lissafta tomography saukar kwakwalwa atrophy, kazalika da fadada daga cikin ventricles.

Aballic ciwo. Jiyya

A mafi tsanani lokuta nuna farfado. Hanyar maganin warkewa ta ƙayyadadden halaye na asibiti, da ilimin ilimin kwayar cuta da yanayin da ke cikin haƙuri.

Resuscitative da m kulawa

Babban mahimmancin maganin wannan yanayin ilimin halitta shine ƙaddamar da aikin zuciya da kuma numfashi, matsin lamba, homeostasis, hemodynamics (cerebral da general), fada da harshe kwakwalwa da hypoxia. Yana da matukar muhimmanci a kula da masu haƙuri. Ya kamata ku kauce wa karkatar da kai, harshe na yin magana. Lokaci-lokaci, dole ne a canza matsayi na mai lafiya (mafi kyau duka - a gefen), kuma a yi ɗakin bayanan nasopharynx, tubes na bronchial da gado na baki kowace rana. A cikin sashen kula da hankali, an lura da alamun mahimmanci na yanayin jiki. Wadannan su ne karfin jini, nau'in bugun jini, EEG, yanayin jiki, ECG, ƙarar jiki da kuma numfashi, da magungunan acid da gas na hadewar jini. Lokacin da ya bayyana magance numfashi dauki na gaggawa intubation kuma inji iska (mai tsanani da kuma humidified iska). Don inganta halayen jini a ciki, ƙwayoyin maganin plasma-samuwa suna samuwa. Ana gudanar da wannan aikin a karkashin iko da matsa lamba.

Rigakafin ciwo

Magunguna da suke cikin haɗuwa na dogon lokaci suna buƙatar matakan gaggawa don hana ci gaban wannan ciwo. Irin wadannan ayyukan sun hada da motsa jiki na zuciya, ciwon artificial huhu, kiyaye jinin jini. Bugu da ƙari, an bada shawarar yin amfani da kwayoyi wanda ke kunna metabolism na kwakwalwa da kuma sauƙaƙe watsa bayanai. Muhimmanci sosai al'ada kula da ta dace, da kuma a wasu lokuta - parenteral abinci mai gina jiki. Har ila yau, amfani da ire-iren ire-iren kwayoyi da bitamin.

Kula da marasa lafiya

Ciyar da mafi kyau shine ta yi amfani da gastrostomy na bakin ciki, kuma ba ta hanyar bincike ba. Tun da zaɓi na ƙarshe tare da amfani da tsawo, yana ƙara haɓakar reflux, fata, ulceration da sinusitis. Lokaci-lokaci kula da nauyin mai haƙuri. A yayin ciyarwa, dole ne a sami tayin ƙwararrun mutum ta hanyar digiri 50-60. Ya kamata abinci ya ƙunshi sunadarai, bitamin da abubuwa masu alama, da kuma cikakken fatty acid. Caloric abun ciki shine kimanin 35 kcal / kg kowace rana. Don zubar da hanyoyi, ana ba da shawarar yin amfani da labaran maganganu, amma ba fiye da sau uku a cikin mako ba, har ma da maɗauran tunani. Idan mai hakuri yana da cututtukan zuciya, ya kamata ya ba shi rai "rai" da kuma lokaci zuwa lokaci duba ko akwai abinci mai mahimmanci cikin ciki. Don inganta aikin jinji, abincin da ke dauke da fiber ya kamata a hada shi a cikin abincin.

Magunguna da irin wannan cuta suna nuna alamar warkewa. A wasu cibiyoyin kiwon lafiya, an gudanar da shirin gyara na musamman ga mutanen da ke cikin rashin lafiya. Ya haɗa da multisensory, magani na jiki da magani, da kuma wasu hanyoyin da za ku iya shawo kan cutar ta apallic.

Hasashen

Abin takaici, a mafi yawan lokuta sakamakon wannan cuta ba shi da kyau. Duk da haka, yana yiwuwa ga tsarin kulawar cutar, har kusan kusan sabunta ayyukan. A gaban matakai na ci gaba, wanda yawanci yakan faru a cikin tsofaffi, akwai yiwuwar rikici, wanda ya faru da farawa da magunguna da sauran alamu marasa kyau.