A tsarin da mutum kunne

Kunnen - wannan ne mai matukar muhimmanci jiki, wanda shi ne na bayar da muhimmanci a cikin rayuwar kowane dabba da mutum. A tsarin da kunne ne da nasaba ta aiki. Wannan ba kawai a taimakon ji, amma kuma da ma'auni na jiki, wanda taimaka a kewaya a sarari. A cikin mutane, al'ada aiki na sashen ji ne ma alhakin ci gaban jawabin.

Juyin Halitta da kuma tsarin da sashen ji a dabbobi. Kafin akai la'akari da tsarin fasali na mutum kunne, shi ya sa hankali domin ya zama saba da siffofin daban-daban na jiki a cikin dabbobi. Ji taimakon yi nufi ga ji daga sauti tãguwar ruwa, wanda yana da muhimmanci a cikin sadarwa a tsakanin mutane, da kuma rayuwa.

A arthropod ji gabobin ake wakilta musamman sensilla, wanda aka located a kan bristles, antennae ko jiki.

Kunnen tsarin kifi ne har yanzu quite sauki, kamar yadda da sashen ji ne kawai na ciki na. Yana da wani hadadden na uku semicircular canals, kowanne daga wanda aka zubar a yi yardatayya da perpendicular square. A musamman da bẽnãye dauke da otolith wanda za a fara a oscillate lokacin da wucewa da sauti kalaman. Yana da wannan oscillation ya haifar da wani bugun jini wadda ake daukar kwayar cutar tare da jijiya a wani yanki na kwakwalwa inda bayanai da kuma sarrafa.

Da wakilan da halittar dabba mai kafafuwa akwai tsakiyar kunne sashen, wanda aka rufe da eardrum. Akwai kuma daya kunne kashi - stapes. A can cikin kunne ne rabu da tsakiyar m taga. A rami na kunne aka haɗa ta oropharynx - yana taimaka daidaitãwa da matsa lamba.

Hakika, da tsarin da kunne a dabbobi masu shayarwa yana dauke su mafi wuya. A wakilan wannan aji, kamar yadda mai mulkin, an kafa duk uku ƙungiyoyin auditory sashin jiki, akwai da pinna, auditory ossicles, otolith na'ura da kuma cikakken kafa ta vestibular tsarin.

A tsarin da mutum kunne. The mutum kunne kunshi sassa uku - da matsanancin, tsakiya da kuma can ciki.

A kunne ne wakilta pinna da waje auditory meatus. Pinna - manyan, na roba guringuntsi rufe da fata. Its main alama - shi kama sautuna. A auricle shiga cikin kunne canal wanda ƙ vystelen fata. Ya ƙare imuwa a cikin eardrum.

A tsakiyar kunne fara da eardrum, wanda watsa da sauti vibrations ga auditory ossicles - malleus, incus da stapes (ba zato ba tsammani, wannan shi ne mafi karami, ƙashi na daga jikin mutum). The sauti kalaman kumburin da kasũsuwa, ashe, wanda aka ruwaito ta hanyar da m taga a cikin kogo na can cikin kunne. A tympanic rami an haɗa nasopharynx via da Eustachian tube - sa'an nan ya farke matsa lamba. Abin sha'awa, a lokacin da sauti ko ma m na yanayi matsa lamba dagagge kunnuwa "kwanciya". A wannan yanayin, reflexively kiran hamma - bude bakinka rage alama na lalacewar da eardrum.

A tsarin da can cikin kunne, watakila mafi wuya. Ya kunshi da fitar kasusuwan jikinsu labyrinth, cikinsa da dokin da aka ware, katantanwa da uku semicircular canals. Katantanwa - wannan shi ne mafi muhimmanci na sashen ji, don haka yadda shi tsinkayen sauti taguwar ruwa da kuma sabobin tuba su a cikin jijiyar.

Ciki da cochlea membranous labyrinth mai cike da musamman ruwa. A ganuwar ta ayi takamaiman rabe, wanda aka wakilta gashi Kwayoyin. Kowane cell na'am da oscillation Lymph cikin Maze da kuma canza shi cikin wani lantarki sigina wanda aka kara daukar kwayar cutar zuwa auditory jijiya zuwa kwakwalwa a cibiyoyin.

Uku semicircular canals na can cikin kunne ne vestibular analyzer, wanda shi ne alhakin da fuskantarwa a sarari, motsi ji na jiki matsayi.

Yana iya lura da cewa, tsarin da mutum kunne ne quite rikitarwa, saboda wannan jiki ne alhakin da yawa ayyuka na jikin mutum. Wani mai ban sha'awa Gaskiyar ita ce, yara da nakasar munanan na ji taimakon iya ba sadarwa kullum, duk da cewa dukan jawabin tsarin (harshe, pharynx, vocal igiyoyinsu) suna aiki sosai.