A al'adu na karni na 19th

Kowa ya sani cewa a cikin farkon karni na 19th, Rasha ya fara wanzuwa a cikin harkokin tattalin arziki da siyasa da ci gaban Turai. Amma wadannan da aka biya diyya cikin hanzari mafitar backlog al'adu Sphere. Rasha al'adu na karni na 19th bayyana shaidar dan kasa. An sosai karfi da ya rinjayi yakin duniya tare da Faransa a 1812.

A Rasha jihar ya samu m karancin ilimi, da kyau-taso keya mutane. Da zuwan jari a Rasha, wannan matsalar ya zama mafi gaggawa, ta yi aiki a matsayin wani impetus ga ci gaban al'adu. Sau da yawa sosai da gwamnatin ke faruwa duk da girma masana'antu. Advanced ideas na marubuta, publicists, artists aka ba a dauki tsanani da sarakuna-Conservatives. A halin da ake ciki an canza hanzari da kuma jimawa zama nazovat karni na 19th "Golden Age." A gidan wasan kwaikwayo, adabi da kuma music na Rasha ya zama yadu a san Yammacin masu sauraro.

M al'adu na karni na 19th a karkashin tasirin gargajiya ideas bar wata babbar dama Masterpieces. Zane-zane da artist rubuta a mafi yawan lokuta a kan Littafi Mai Tsarki da jigogi. Yana kuma sau da yawa a samu mythological scenes ko hotuna. Our al'adu na karni na 19th ya ba da tarihi na biyu shahararren portraitists - Oresta Kiprenskogo da Vasily Tropinin. Sũ ne waɗanda suka, ta hanyar, bar mana wasu ban mamaki daidaici rayuwa hotuna na AS Pushkin. Wani sanannun artist na karni na 19th - Karl Bryullov. A 1803 ya ziyarci tono na tsohon birnin na Pompeii, wanda aka halaka ta a volcanic shigowa. Bryullov fentin wani hoto da ake kira "kwanaki na arshe na Pompeii," wanda ya yi shi da kyau a san dukan Turai. A kadan daga baya, kuma ta zama shahararren mai zane-zane Alexander Ivanov. Game da shekaru 20 na rayuwarsa ya kishin aiki a kan zanen "bayyanar Almasihu zuwa ga mutane."

Yana aka canza a farkon karni na 19th kuma wasan kwaikwayo. A kan mataki za ka iya ganin yadda staging na waje mawallafa kamar Schiller ko Shakespeare, da kuma gida. Musamman rare tare da jama'a dadin NV Puppeteer. Ya aka rubuta daban-daban tarihi plays. Wadannan su, da masu sauraro na son satirical comedy Krylov da Fonvizin. Zuwa ga tsakiyar karni na 19th wasan kwaikwayo ne ƙwarai ya rinjayi wallafe-wallafe. Bayan izni na Nicholas I a fage ya dauki wani babban farko na "The Sufeto-Janar" (marubucin N. V. litattafan Gogol). The real nasara za a iya kira Glinka ta opera "Rayuwa da na sarki."

Rasha al'adu na karni na 19th ne na ƙwarai musamman a wallafe-wallafe. Classicism ne a hankali maye gurbinsu sentimentality, sa'an nan romanticism. Romanticism suka rarrabu cikin m da kuma ra'ayin mazan jiya. Key Figures na yanzu adabi: Kiichelbecker Rileyev Davydov, Bestuzhev-Marly, Baratynsky, Zhukovsky. Har ila yau, babban Rasha marubuta Lermontov, Pushkin, litattafan Gogol wani lokacin rubuta ayyukansu a cikin Romantic hadisin. Next, wani sabon mataki na adabi - da labarun almara. Dauke su kafa Aleksandra Sergeevicha Pushkina. Tare da a saki ta "Evgeniya Onegina", an dauke rinjaye a kan adabi. "The Captain 'Yar", "Boris Godunov", "The Bronze doki" - mafi m idon basira ayyukan Pushkin. The real taskar "Golden Age" za a iya kira "Bone ya tabbata daga wit" Griboyedov, "Matattu Rayukan" by litattafan Gogol da kuma "Hero of Our Lokaci" Lermontov. The ayyukan babban marubuta da kuma kasida, kamar Nekrasov N. A. Turgenev I. S., Dostoevsky FM, Tolstoy L. N. ne a kashi na biyu na karni na 19th, tun sa'an nan ya fara ci gaban symbolism, daya daga cikin mafi daukan hankali yayi na wallafe-wallafe.

Al'adun Turai na karni na 19th kuma samu a wannan lokaci na canji. Babban rawa aka buga da siyasa. Amma da al'adun cikin karni na 19th a Turai ne da cika fuska daban-daban daga cikin gida. Mallaka Turai dictating bukatunsu. A wannan lokaci, da ci gaban wasan kwaikwayo da kuma adabi ta ragae, amma ya fara wani sabon zamanin Turai falsafa.