Virus H1N1: Bayyanar cututtuka, Jiyya da Rigakafin

Mutane da yawa ba su da tsanani mura, tari, ko zafin jiki ne a wani sauri zuwa gado da bai ganin likita, amma da ayyukansu. Ƙwayoyin cuta da kuma cewa shi ne dole, saboda kawai daya atishawa, misali, a wani maƙil bas, da kuma - voila - kana yi! A H1N1 mura, cim tare da sosai ko tsoro, ko wani mura samu dama sabon shafa. Me ya sa? Saboda daya daga cikin dabaru na mura ƙwayoyin cuta ne zuwa watsa su ta hanyar Airborne droplets, mafi parasites for sauki da kuma albarka. Su biyu zamba - na musamman canzawa. Lokacin da jikin wanda aka azabtar ya fara nuna antibodies da cutar tsinkãyi ya hallaka ta, ya sauri canza tsarin da ta sunadarai, ya zama wani sabon canji, kuma yayin da suka rage a cikin wannan cutar. Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa duka biyu kunno kai annoba, da kuma likitoci ci gaba sabon alurar.

Me ya kira swine mura

Mutane da yawa san cewa a cikin 20-ies karni na karshe a Turai da aka tafiya mutuwa karkashin sunan "Spanish mura". Ta dauki zuwa cikin kabari game da miliyan 100 earthlings. More kwanan nan, masana kimiyya sun yi karatu a daki-daki da kayan dauka daga cikin gawar cikin Spanish mura wadanda binne shi a permafrost, kuma same shi da cutar H1N1. Haka ne, shi ne da cutar, wanda a shekarar 2009 ya sa a fuss. A tsawon shekaru, ya sau da yawa modified, zama H2N2, da H3N2, da H1N2, kowane lokaci haddasa wani sabon cutar. A wani matsayi, da cutar ya samu daga wani mutum zuwa aladu, saba (mutated) a cikin wani sabon rundunar da kuma zama wani alade mura cewa zai iya rayuwa ne kawai a dabbobi. A kan lokaci da cutar sake buga mutumin, da kuma nuna nasu musamman damar iya yin komai, mutated sake, adapting ga sabon mai shi. A wannan lokacin da karbuwa da sabon H1N1 iri ya sa to kawai 50 lokuta alade mura, da kuma mutane, da yanayin da ayyukan a lamba tare da dabbobi. Mutating kara raya nau'i na cutar da zai iya ba kawai da za a daukar kwayar cutar daga alade ga mutum, amma ya ci gaba da harba sabon mutane. Tun da wani fashewa da cutar kira swine mura.

Mene ne AH1N1

Harafin "H" a cikin sunan m nufin hemagglutinin - mai gina jiki located a kan surface kuma mukaddashin kamar yadda asali kaska clings zuwa wadanda ke fama da Kwayoyin, saboda ba tare da clutching, mura ƙwayoyin cuta ba mai rai. Wannan irin nazarin halittu "ticks" taka muhimmiyar rawa a matsayin wanda aka azabtar da cutar a zabi - adam, dabba, ko tsuntsu. Wannan shi ne guda virus ne da wuya iya rayuwa a wani rai gabar. Ko da yake akwai ban. Saboda haka, H1N1 cutar ne don haka m, cewa zai iya kuma zai shafi dabbobi da tsuntsaye, da kuma mutane. Harafin «N» na nufin wani enzyme neuraminidase. Ta ma na waje wakĩli a kansu cutar ta antibodies. Bugu da kari, yana taimaka wa rarrabe Kwayoyin daga sabuwar haife ƙwayoyin cuta da kuma shiga cikin numfashi epithelium na azabtar tsarin. Harafin "A" ne da irin cutar. Akwai ma B da C, amma A aka dauke su mafi iya gyara, kuma domin mafi wuya a hango ko hasashen.

bambance-bambance cuta

H1N1 mura ba sosai daban-daban daga gargajiya yanayi da kuma a mafi yawan mutane faruwa ba tare da wani rikitarwa. Amma a can ya kuma daya m alama - for wasu wadanda shi zai iya sa primary kwayar ciwon huhu, wanda ba za a iya warke tare da maganin rigakafi (wannan shi ne daban-daban daga kwayan ciwon huhu). Idan marasa lafiya tare da H1N1 cutar ta sa mai wahala a cikin nau'i na kwayar ciwon huhu, bai fara yadda ya kamata a bi a farko bayyanar cututtuka, da suka mutu a cikin kwanaki. Wannan shã'aninku ya a lokacin da annoba da 2009. Babban dalilin mutuwar kusan 2 dubu mutane. Wani bambanci daga cikin saba swine mura ne tashin zuciya, amai da zawo.

hadarin kungiyoyin

H1N1 iya kama wani virus, amma rayuwa-barazanar da rikitarwa ba ci gaba a duk. Bisa kididdigar da, mafi yiwuwa ga yayyo alade mura a cikin tsanani nau'i na wadannan Categories na yawan:

- kananan yara (zamanai 0 to 2 years).

- mata masu ciki.

- ciwon wani huhu cututtuka irin su fuka.

- Mutane fiye da shekaru 65 da haihuwa;

- kullum cututtuka na ciki gabobin.

- HIV-kamuwa.

Kamar yadda za a iya gani, mafi girma da hadari wakiltar swine mura ga waɗanda suke tãre da raunana jiki.

Hanyoyi kamuwa da cuta

Kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, yafi da H1N1 cutar yana daukar kwayar cutar ta Airborne hanya. Muhimmi: sneezing ko tari tsere daga bakin ko hanci na haƙuri adam kwayoyin iya "tashi" ta cikin iska nesa na 2 mita. Idan za su numfashi da lafiya mutum, shi ne shakka kamuwa.

Amma kuma waɗanda suke ƙwayoyin cuta da cewa ba wanda aka kama, amma ya daidaita a kan wani saman, ci gaba da rayuwa domin 8 hours. Wannan ya kamu da alade mura da kuma na iya zama tuntube-Baiti da, misali, idan ka dauki handrail da ƙwayoyin cuta, sa'an nan, ba tare da wanke hannuwanku, ci abinci.

The uku hanya kamuwa da cuta shi ne mafi m - naman alade daga rashin lafiya dabba. Kama da mura da wannan hanya shi ne zai yiwu, kawai idan nama ne ci raw ko Semi-ƙãre, saboda da misali zafi magani kashe H1N1 cutar a 'yan mintuna.

classic bayyanar cututtuka

Tun da kamuwa da cuta har da farko alamun cutar na iya daukar daga daya zuwa uku-hudu kwanaki, dangane kan halaye da kwayoyin. A H1N1 cutar zai iya sa cututtuka su ne guda a matsayin classic mura:

- malaise.

- aches a ko'ina cikin jiki (myalgia).

- runny hanci.

- ciwon kai.

- ciwon da / ko ciwon makogwaro.

- tari.

- da zazzabi Yunƙurin zuwa high elevations (wani lokacin da yawan zafin jiki ba a lura).

- jin sanyi, zazzabi.

Wasu marasa lafiya da gunaguni da tashin zuciya, wani lokacin amai, da kuma gudawa.

A cutar H1N1, da bayyanar cututtuka da rikitarwa

Kada irreparable matsala, nan da nan a tuntuɓi likita don taimakon bukatar idan tsakiyan da bayyana sanyi lura:

- wani sosai high zazzabi, ba ɓatar da Allunan,

- tushe nagging tashin zuciya.

- amai.

- nauyi da kuma / ko shortness na numfashi;

- pallor da / ko cyanosis na fata, blue lebe (more kowa a cikin yara).

- rufe da mãgãgi, hypersomnia.

- dogon rashi na urination.

- zafi a cikin kirji da ciki.

- dizziness.

- disorientation.

- ya'yan kuka ba tare da hawaye.

- irritability ba dalili.

- bayan wani kyautata a cikin kwarara "sanyi" ba zato ba tsammani wani m deterioration.

A cutar H1N1, magani na m siffofin da cutar

Ganewar asali alade mura cewa ya wuce ba tare da rikitarwa, shi ne wuya saboda ainihi daga cikin cututtuka da talakawa mura. Ƙayyade da irin cutar za su iya kawai sputum kasaftawa da tari, da kuma hanci gamsai da baka rami.

A m irin na mura za a iya za'ayi a gida far. Shi ne m bedrest, liyafar antipyretic idan zafin jiki ne a sama 38 digiri, nonsteroidal anti-mai kumburi da kwayoyi, bitamin, tari magunguna da kuma sanyi. Matasa da yara da ya kamata ba a ba da magunguna da cewa suna da asfirin, tun da shi ba a cire rikitarwa (Reye ta ciwo). Na antipyretics iya sha "Nurofen", "Paracetamol" da kuma manya ne ma "Ibuprofen".

Antivirals H1N1 cikin m irin za a iya amfani da su:

- "Arbidol."

- "Viferon".

- "Grippferon".

- "IFN".

- "Ingaron".

- "Lipind".

- "Ingavirin".

- "TSikloferon".

- "Kagocel".

Shi ne kuma kyawawa, ka dauki antihistamines, sha yalwa da ruwaye - shayi, ruwan 'ya'yan itace, ruwa da zuma, broth currant, rasberi, Cranberry kuma ganye.

Mura da aka gudanar a game da 6-7 days.

Jiyya na tsanani

A H1N1 mura, a ci gaba da rikitarwa, shi ne markedly daban-daban daga cikin yanayi, da kuma shi za a iya gane, ba tare da jiran al'adu da sakamakon. Lokacin da cututtuka halayyar swine mura a mai tsanani form, da aka jera a sama, da haƙuri bukatar a asibiti, kuma idan akwai matsaloli tare da numfashi, farfado da far ya kamata a fara nan da nan. Domin lura da amfani "Oseltamivir" ko "Tamiflu", "Zanamivir" ko "Relenza" wanda hana na ayyuka na neuraminidase. A lokaci guda sanya kwayoyin far cewa kan bango na kwayar ciwon huhu da kuma kwayan bai ci gaba, gudanar da tsaftacewa da kwayoyin daga gubobi samar da kwayar cutar H1 N1, wajabta symptomatic magani. A hangen nesa ga marasa lafiya da rikitarwa swine mura m kawai idan dace dace magani qaddamar.

Tare da wani talakawan mai tsanani da cuta, a lokacin da akwai zazzabi, tashin zuciya da amai, zawo, amma ba numfashi matsaloli, aka rufe da mãgãgi, illa sani da kuma ciwon huhu, magani ne zai yiwu a gida.

rigakafi

Rigakafin H1N1 yafi ta'allaka a iyakance ziyara zuwa wuraren da jama'a da kuma lamba tare da mutanen da suke da wata 'yar alamar m ãyõyin wani sanyi (tari, runny hanci). likitoci ma bayar da shawarar:

- da saka da masks a duk jama'a yankunan.

- kafin fita da yin amfani da oxolinic shafawa.

- dawo gida bayan na sosai hannunka wanka, wanka hanci da baka cavities.

- bayan kiyawar da snacks a kan titi da kuma a bainar jama'a a wurare, ba tare da farko wanke hannuwansu sosai.

Yana da aka kafa da cewa swine mura cutar ya mutu da sauri a lokacin da fallasa su ba kawai high yanayin zafi, amma kuma wani maganin antiseptik, kamar sabulu, barasa ko kaushi, bactericides. Saboda haka, a wuraren da jama'a (makarantu da asibitoci, da dafa abinci kantuna da sauran) a lokacin da annobar cutar sau da yawa bukatar samar da rigar tsaftacewa, shafa Tables, doorknobs.

Lokacin na farko da bayyanar cututtuka na malaise, musamman idan akwai tari, zubar hanci da zazzabi, bukatar kira wani likita a gida don kauce wa infecting sauran mutane.

A lokacin, mun ɓullo da wani sabon maganin da na H1N1, wanda kuma taimaka a classic mura, daga H3N2 damuwa. Marasa lafiya daga lamba iya ba, saboda maganin ba a amfani da dukan cutar, amma kawai wani ɓaɓɓake daga gare ta. Duk da haka, bayan da alurar riga kafi iya har yanzu samun mura, amma shi zai faru a wani sosai sauki hanya. Har ila yau, maganin ba ya kare da duk sauran yiwu gyare-gyare da cutar H1N1.

Yin tana bukatar a kowace shekara, zai fi dacewa da wata daya kafin a da ana tsammanin annobar (a cikin kaka kafin dank damp sanyi weather).