PHP: kirtani magudi. PHP ta kirtani ayyuka

Shafukan za a iya raba a tsaye da kuma tsauri. Bayan Mastering HTML da CSS, wanda damar yin wani kyakkyawan aiki katin a kan Internet, mutane da yawa suna tunanin yadda za ka ƙirƙiri wani mashahurin site da PHP. A wannan coder dole ne ya yi la'akari da cewa ya aka yanzu fara koyon yanar gizo shirye-shirye: yadda za a yi aiki tare da site zai zama daban-daban. Daya daga cikin na farko matsaloli ci karo da wani mafari a PHP - aiki kirtani, karanta da kuma sarrafa su.

Shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa a cikin PHP kirtani magudi ayyuka unsa da hanyoyi da dama, don haka ya fara nazarin halin kaka tare da wasu sauki jan, kamar karbo line, search, samun ko ya maye gurbin wani substring, rijistar da canji da kuma komawa zuwa layin tsawon. Mutane da yawa daga cikin ayyukan ba aiki da kyau tare da QFontDatabase haruffa. Saboda haka, duk misalai da aka rubuta a cikin harshen Turanci ga tsabta. Domin QFontDatabase layuka guda ayyuka suna amfani, amma tare da prefix mb_ (msl, mb_strpos ()). Kafin yin amfani da analogues a php.ini dole ne ka uncomment da line. Tsawo = php_mbstring.dll, kawai ta cire semicolon.

Samar da rubuta wani layi

Za mu nazarci line fitarwa zuwa allon ta amfani da harshe sananne ga dukan amsa kuwa da zane. A shirye-shiryen iya kai tsaye fitarwa a kirtani:

amsa kuwa "Wannan sabon layi"

ko farko ƙirƙirar m sa'an nan nuna shi:

$ Str = "Wannan shi ne wani sabon kirtani".

amsa kuwa $ str.

Idan kana so ka nuna mahara Lines a daya ko resorting to su concatenation:

amsa kuwa "Wannan". "New". "Kirtani".

ko

$ Str1 = "Wannan".

$ Str2 = "sabon".

$ Str3 = "kirtani".

amsa kuwa $ str1. $ Str2. $ Str3.

A karshen harka, zai nuna maka EtoNovayaStroka. A rata za a iya kara kai tsaye a kira amsa kuwwa:

amsa kuwa $ str1. ''. $ Str2. ''. $ Str3.

A wannan yanayin, da allon nuni: "Wannan sabon line." Concatenation ne zai yiwu ba kawai a cikin fitarwa, amma kuma don ƙirƙirar Lines:

$ Str1 = "Wannan".

$ Str2 = "sabon".

$ Str3 = "kirtani".

$ Kirtani = $ str1. ''. $ Str2. ''. $ Str3.

amsa kuwa $ kirtani.

Echo nuna duka biyu haruffa, kuma QFontDatabase. Idan daya daga cikin masu canji dauke da lambar, sa'an nan da concatenation wannan lambar za a iya tuba zuwa dace line:

$ I = 2.

$ Naira Miliyan Xari = $ i + $ i . // yanzu $ Naira Miliyan Xari yana dauke da lamba 4

amsa kuwa $ i. "+". $ I. "=". $ Naira Miliyan Xari.

Za a nuna: "2 + 2 = 4".

musamman haruffa

Yi tsammani da layin da aka ayyana ta biyu-quote ($ kirtani = "Wannan shi ne yadda za"). Sa'an nan za ka iya quite da farin ciki amfani da gudun hijira a jerin:

• \ N sa wani layin hutu.
• \ R karusa dawo.
• \ "Tserewa da biyu zance alamomi:
  • amsa kuwa "The kirtani \" biyu \ "quotes". // kirtani tare da "biyu" quotes
• \ $ Shields da dollar.
• \\ backslash tsere.

Jerin fiye da, dukkan su za a iya samu a cikin aikin hukuma PHP takardun.

Nemo matsayi na farko da ya faru

Yi tsammani muna da sauki kirtani:

$ Kirtani = "sunana Yemelyan kuma ina shekara 27".

Mun kuma da jeri biyu na sunayen:

$ Sunan = "Yemelyan".

$ AnotherName = "Katherin".

Muna bukatar mu san ko na farko line na biyu sunayen. Yana amfani strpos aiki ($ str, $ search). Yana dawo da wuri na so substring $ search, idan kirtani yana kunshe ne a cikin na farko, $ str. In ba haka ba, da aiki kõma a Boolean darajar ƙarya. Alal misali, strpos ($ kirtani, $ anotherName) ya kõmo ƙarya, kuma strpos ($ kirtani, $ sunan) - wani lamba. A code za a irin wannan (write zaɓi, a lokacin da matsayin da aka nuna a allon):

$ Kirtani = "sunana Yemelyan kuma ina shekara 27".

$ Sunan = "Yemelyan".

$ AnotherName = "Katherin".

Karfin strpos ($ kirtani, $ anotherName ). // jimloli ƙarya

Karfin strpos ($ kirtani, $ sunan ). // nuna matsayin na farko da ya faru na kirtani

Lura cewa line tana farawa a sifili, wato, a cikin yanayin da na karshe line nuna lambar 11 (sarari suna kuma dauke).

Search matsayi na karshe da ya faru na wani substring da kuma matsaloli

Idan strpos () aiki dawo da matsayi na farko da ya faru, sai ta kishiya strrpos () searches for na karshe da ya faru na wani substring.

Akwai wasu matsaloli, wajen gudanar da dangantaka da fara da lambar. Ya kamata ya yi la'akari da: A PHP kirtani magudi za a iya wuya da hani a kwatanta. Saboda haka, shi ne mafi alhẽri ba don amfani da kwatanta aiki da negation: strpos ($ str, $ search) = ƙarya !. A wani version of PHP da misalai na irin wannan daidaitawa iya aiki ba daidai ba, domin line Ƙidayar farawa a sifili, kuma 0 ma'ana fassarar shi ne ƙarya. Wannan kara zuwa strrpos () aiki.

Yadda za a sami adadin substring aukuwar

Sau da yawa kana bukatar ka sami shi ne ba na farko ko na karshe da ya faru na wani substring a cikin kirtani, da kuma jummillar adadin. A saboda wannan dalili substr_count () aiki, wanda iyawa akalla biyu canji: substr_count ($ str, $ search). Ta kõma da wani lamba. Idan kana so ka rage ikon yinsa, daga cikin search a kan layi, da aiki shige biyu mafi canji: farkon da kuma karshen layi, bi da bi. Wannan ne aiki a cikin wannan yanayin da ake kira kamar: substr_count ($ str, $ search, $ farko, $ karshen). The aiki zai nemi substring $ search a cikin tazara daga $ fara zuwa $ karshen asali kirtani $ str. Idan kirtani ba a samu, da aiki kõma sifili.

Yadda za a canza hali na Lines a cikin PHP: misalai

Canza yanayin da ake sau da yawa amfani kwatanta kirtani kuma conditionals. Bari mu ce mai amfani dole ka shigar da sunan Allah mafi girma a cikin Norse mythology. A shirin ne a version of "Daya", tare da wanda ya za a kwatanta da mai amfani da mayar da martani. Idan shiga rubutu zai zama daban-daban daga data kasance (misali, mai amfani rubuta wani "daya" ko "daya"), wannan shirin za komawa ƙarya maimakon gaskiya. Don kauce wa wannan, amfani da aiki littãfi canje-canje. Wannan ne sau da yawa amfani idan site ne a PHP tags: Maimakon daruruwan bambance-bambancen karatu da kalmar "masu zaman kansu" (.. "Private," "masu zaman kansu," "na sirri" da sauransu) akwai kawai daya tag a Ƙaramin baki.

strtolower () aiki canjãwa ƙananan Register. Misali akwai wani layi $ catName = "Fluffy". strtolower aiki ($ catName) dawo da kirtani "Fluffy". Change zuwa babba harka iya zama via strtoupper () aiki.

Yadda za a sami tsawon wani layi a cikin PHP: Aiki tare da ayyuka

Sau da yawa akwai bukatar a sami tsawon na kirtani. Alal misali, a cikin PHP aiki tare da kirtani na wannan irin ƙila za a buƙace a cikin halittar sake zagayowar. Domin da search kirtani amfani strlen () aiki, wanda ya koma lamba - da yawan haruffa. Dole ne mu manta cewa na karshe hali, sunã da wata lambar strlen ($ str) -1, a matsayin lambar farawa da sifili.

Samun kuma maye substring a PHP: Aiki tare da kirtani

Farawa substring substr aiki ne da za'ayi () cewa zai iya daukar biyu ko uku muhawara: substr ($ str, $ farko, $ karshen). Bari mu ce muna da kirtani kirtani $ = "Fluffy cat", kuma muna son mu samu wani substring daga biyu zuwa hudu hali. Tun tana farawa a sifili, wannan substring na m zai yi kama da wannan: $ newString = substr ($ kirtani, 1, 4). Idan muka gabatar da $ newString = substr ($ kirtani, 1), mun samu wani substring daga biyu zuwa karshe hali (watau "luffy"). Wannan code shi ne m zuwa cikakken code kirtani amfani strlen (): substr ($ kirtani, 1, strlen ($ kirtani)).

Don maye gurbin substring ne amfani str_replace () aiki da daukan uku canji: str_replace ($ subStr, $ newSub, $ str). Ba kamar da yawa ayyuka, str_replace () aiki daidai da QFontDatabase haruffa da kuma ba shi da wani analog laqani. misali:

$ Str = "Yau yanayin ne mai ban tsoro!".

$ NewStr = str_replace ( "m", "m", $ str). // yau ban al'ajabi da yanayin!

Translation kirtani zuwa lamba

Duk wanda ya yi karatu yanar gizo shirye-shirye, jima ko daga baya da maida da kirtani zuwa lamba. A saboda wannan dalili, biyu irin wannan ayyuka suna amfani da: intval () da kuma floatval (), kowanne daga abin na'am da daya m $ kirtani. Daga juna, suka bambanta kawai da irin data koma: intval () ya kõma da wani lamba, da kuma floatval () - iyo batu lambar.

Domin amfani da matsayin intval (), kuma floatval () na bukatar cewa kirtani farawa da wani yawan, kuma suka za a tuba zuwa ga lamba. Idan lambobin zai je wani sa na haruffa, sun kawai watsi da shi. A wannan yanayin, idan line fara da haruffa, da yin amfani da aiki zai koma sifili. Fi dacewa, da layin kamata dauke da kawai lambobi.

Translation wani layi

Sau da yawa bukatar maida lambar a cikin wani layi. Alal misali, idan kana so ka dauki rabin shi da kuma kafa wani square (misali, a duba ko da lissafi ne gamsu: 88 x 88 + 33 x 33 = 8833). A wannan yanayin, da aiki strval (), wanda ya koma wani layi lambar. Bayan wannan sabon layi, za ka iya yi duk sauran ayyuka: edit, sami wani abin da ya faru na substring, da kuma sauran ayyuka. Idan ya cancanta, da layin za a iya sake tuba zuwa ga lamba na riga aka bayyana a sama.

A labarin da aka dauke kawai karamin sashi na dukan ayyukan da dangantaka da line. Sashe na undocumented ayyuka aiki tare da alamomin, amma mafi dã ba a kunshe a cikin kayan saboda da bayani dalla-dalla. Don zama saba da wadannan ayyuka ne zama dole a ci gaba da karanta hukuma takardun a kan PHP, wanda nuna halin yanzu bayanai.