Mene ne JavaScripts? Basic JavaScript ayyuka

Web-rubutun ne da shirye-shirye da cewa an rubuta kai tsaye a cikin html-code ko kawai a cikin fayiloli, wanda shi ne mafi fin so. Wadannan shirye-shirye da aka rubuta a JavaScript. Saboda haka, baya ga cewa irin wannan Javascripts, zamu iya cewa shi ne a shirye-shirye da harshen cewa an fassarta.

Javascript aka karanta da browser, sa'an nan kuma gudu da rubuta magana, kuma sarrafa, wanda aka kafa a sama da page. JavaScript a kan ginin kalma ne kama da shirye-shirye da harsuna kamar Java, C ++, kuma C.

JavaScript gare ta bayyanar da cigaban wannan kamfanonin matsayin Sun Microsystems (Oracle) da Netscape (Mozilla). The asali sunan harshen da aka LiveScript. Duk da haka, saboda gaskiyar cewa a wancan lokacin shi ne mai rare harshen Java daga wani kamfanin Sun Microsystems, Netscape kamfanin ta marketing sashen, an yanke shawarar canza sunan harshen da a JavaScript. A lokacin da wannan da aka lasafta cewa wannan mataki kara da m harshe. Har ila yau, baicin da cewa irin wannan Javascripts, ya kamata a lura da cewa Java da JavaScript ne biyu harsuna daban daban.

ECMA-262 ne hukuma misali na da harshen. The sunan JavaScript harshe - ECMAScript.

Domin nazarin wannan harshe zai zama da amfani kafin ilmi game da CSS da HTML. Idan kafin wannan lokacin ba ku sani ba game da CSS da kuma Html, shi ya kamata nan da nan saba.

Taƙaitawa da JavaScript capabilities

Wadannan siffofin bayyana a cikin aikace-aikace a kan yanar gizo-shafukan da rubutun [cire]:

• Ƙara wani iri-iri na tashin hankali effects, wanda ba a gane ta wajen Html da CSS.
• Ability don canja Html ciki abubuwa da kuma ƙara sabon tags ba tare da reloading da page.
• Amsawa ga wani taron (mayar da martani ga mai amfani da shigar da) - da aiki da keystrokes a kan keyboard da kuma linzamin kwamfuta siginan.
• Aiwatar da wadannan cak, wanda aka gabatar a cikin filayen da siffan kafin aika shi zuwa ga uwar garke. Wannan rage load a kan uwar garke kuma gudãnar up aikin site.
• Tabbatas da version na browser da load da ake so page dangane da wannan.

Wannan ba wani cikakken jerin scripting damar, wadda aka rubuta a cikin wannan harshe, JavaScript ayyuka da yawa fadi ma'anar.

Bugu da kari a wadannan siffofin, akwai gazawa daga yin amfani da hanyar al'amura:

• Babu damar yin amfani da fayiloli da aka sanya a kan mai amfani da kwamfuta. A general, ba su da damar wajen shafin yanar gizo da kanta. A togiya iya zama kawai kuki cewa za a iya karanta da aka rubuta tare da JavaScript. Abubuwan da wannan irin yawanci kawai ake bukata domin page load sauri.
• Babu yiwuwar gicciye site queries, watau samun damar zuwa Web shafukan da suke da a kan wani daban-daban yankin, ko da sun kasance a buɗe a dab da shafuka.
• Babu hanya don rufe shafuka kuma windows da aka bude da shi.
• Babu yiwuwar kariya na asali rubutu a kan page da kuma haramta wa kwafa images ko rubutu daga page. Wannan ya bar yiwuwar don ƙara wasu hane-hane cewa ba da damar JavaScript ayyuka.

Irin wannan hani ne a cikin wasu hanyoyi wuya a zartar da qeta code.

Mene ne Javascripts?

Kamar yadda na lura sama, JavaScript - a harshen da ya bada interactivity zuwa shafukan yanar gizo. Da taimakon wannan harshe ne da aikace-aikace da suke kunshe a cikin Html-code. Alal misali, a fam na yin rajista ko tambayoyi cika fitar da mai amfani. JavaScript ne sau da yawa a gauraye da Java, amma tsakanin wadannan harsuna kadan a na kowa.

Wasu ma kwatanta da sauran JavaScript Ruby harshe, Self, Python. Amma shi ne mai raba harshe.

Amfani da JavaScript

Amfani da JavaScript, za ka iya yin canje-canje ga page, canja abubuwa na style, ƙara ko cire tags. Shi ne kuma zai yiwu su koyi game da amfani ta ayyuka a kan page (karu ko kara da aiki yanki na allo, yana kaɗawa tare da linzamin kwamfuta, latsa kowane maɓalli, da page scrolling). Yana yiwuwa a sami damar zuwa wani kashi Html-code da magudi tare da wannan kashi. Saboda haka, amsar tambayar "Mene ne JavaScripts?» Za a samu damar download data ba tare da reloading da page, shigar da sakonni, saitin ko karanta kuki da kuma yin wasu ayyuka.

Dalili na musamman da suka bambanta da JavaScript

Babban asali na wannan harshe ne cewa tana da goyon bayan kusan dukan bincike, kuma yana da cikakken haɗin kai da su. All ayyuka a JavaScript ne mai sauqi qwarai. Babu sauran fasahar da cewa ruwansa da dukan irin wannan amfanin. Alal misali, akwai wani giciye-browser, ba su da tallafi a duk bincike (shi ke XUL, ActiveX, VBScript). Har ila yau, akwai wadanda cewa ba cikakken hade tare da browser. Yana Silverlight, Flash, Java. A halin yanzu akwai babban ci gaban da wannan fasaha, da kuma JavaScript abubuwa suna da ake ci gaba 2.

Alternative harsuna programmmirovaniya

Shi ne cewa JavaScript yana da iyaka. A wannan yanayin, za ta taimaka da wadannan shirye-shirye da harsuna.

Java

A mafi used harshe - Java. Tare da taimakon da harshen aka bayyana da hadaddun lissafi mai tsauri, amma shi ba a ko da yaushe ake bukata a kan wani al'ada website. Saboda wannan dalili, dogon lokaci zuwa download java-applet`y kuma suna da wani babba adadin.

Flash

Daga farkon, da harshen Flash da aka tsara a matsayin giciye-brazuerny kuma don ƙirƙirar multimedia abubuwa. Alal misali, don ƙirƙirar m yankunan online, wasanni, Banners, 'yan wasa na audio da video. Daga cikin abubuwan, ta amfani da Flash don ƙirƙirar wani soket (cibiyar sadarwa connection), za ka iya aiki da kafofin watsa labarai, don adana abubuwa da ba su da bukatar aika buƙatun ga uwar garke. Akwai m zana ci gaban kayayyakin aiki, don Flash.

Idan muka kwatanta da shortcomings Flash da JavaScript, wanda abubuwa ne daban, babban hasara na Flash ne ta matalauta Indexing ta search injuna. Wannan shi ne saboda search engines tafi for links Html. Har ila yau akwai wani ikon zabi rubutun da yake a cikin Flash ganga.

Silverlight, Vbscript, JavaFX, XUL

Don gaba da JavaScript capabilities a lõkacin da gina musaya da kuma sadarwa, yin amfani da fasahar Silverlight, Vbscript, JavaFX, XUL.
Suna amfani da har yanzu mafi wuya fiye da Flash da JavaScript. Don haskaka da halaye na kowane daga cikinsu za a ce da wadannan:

- XUL - yi amfani a cikin bayanin tebur aikace-aikace da kuma musaya. Amma yana yiwuwa ne kawai a yanayin saukan wani shirin da Mozilla.

- JavaFX - aiki ne kawai a kan kwamfuta da Java, domin shi ne a Bugu da kari ga harshe.

- Vbscript - An ci gaba da Microsoft. Ya yi aiki a matsayin tushen Kayayyakin Basic. Wannan harshe ba ci gaba a kowace hanya, a cikin wadannan kwanaki yana da wuya taba amfani, dangane da yawan amfanin ƙasa JavaScript.

Silverlight - An ci gaba da Microsoft a matsayin gasa zuwa Flash. Ya kuma ba shi da yawa shahararsa tun JavaScript kirtani iya samar da yawa fiye da wani page rubutun.

Yadda za a taimaka JavaScript da kuma abin da JavaScript kuskure

Yanzu shi wajibi ne don tattauna yau da kullum da matsaloli na masu amfani a kan hanyar sadarwa. Yau, mafi kuma mafi sau da yawa shi zai faru da cewa mai amfani da bayan ziyarar da ya shafi a cikin zaman jama'a. cibiyar sadarwa gani a cikin sama da taga da wani kuskure sakon "JavaScript ba sa", "Domin yin aiki da kyau na da shafin taimaka JavaScript», «JavaScript kuskure». Yadda za a gyara shi - mai tsanani, saboda yayin da akwai matsaloli tare da loading video da kuma hoto na mai amfani.

Ta yaya zan kunna JavaScript a Mozilla Firefox

Idan mai amfani ne da aiki a Mozilla, kana bukatar ka je "Tools", sa'an nan zuwa "Settings". Sa'an nan kuma, a kan tab "Contents" kana bukatar ka Tick da akwatin alama "Amfani JavaScript".

Kamar yadda JavaScript ne kunshe a Google Chrom

Don a kunna ko musaki JavaScript a browser Wadannan hanya ake bukata :. "Kafa up da kuma manajan Google Chrom", "Settings", "Advanced", "Personal data (saitin abinda ke ciki)", "JavaScript" Bada duk shafukan yi amfani da JavaScript (muhimmi).

Ta yaya zan kunna JavaScript a Opera

Don a kunna ko musaki JavaScript a browser ake bukata don yin wadannan:

- Danna F12 key.

- Zabi zabin "Enable JavaScript".

Kamar yadda JavaScript ne kunshe a cikin IE ( "Internet Explorer")

Don a kunna ko musaki JavaScript a "Internet Explorer", kana so ka yi da wadannan: "Tools", "Internet Options", "Tsaro" tab, "Zabi wani sashi Internet", "Custom Level" button, zaɓi "tatsuniyoyinsu", "Bada rubutun."

JavaScript a VC

Musamman rare a cikin CIS zamantakewa cibiyar sadarwa "VKontakte" akai-akai buga surprises. Ƙara, masu amfani da "VKontakte" koka game da rashin iyawa don sauraron audio, ko da rashin iyawa don duba video.

Don warware wannan matsala na bukatar JavaScript kuskure gyara a kan hanyar sadarwa "VKontakte".

Mene ne JavaScript VK kuskure?

A mai amfani ziyarci wani page a kan zamantakewa cibiyar sadarwa da kuma kokarin fara wata video ko audio file, amma sai a samu a saman kwanar hagu na rubutu «JavaScript kuskure: initAddMedia ba a tsare». Wannan sakon bayyana a lokacin da wani kuskure
«[Cire] initAddMedia».

Hanyar warware matsalar tare da wani kuskure a cikin zaman jama'a na cibiyar sadarwa "VKontakte":

- Da farko, kana so ka je "Fara," "My Computer" fayil da Windows. Sa'an nan tsalle ga sashe a cikin system32 fayil direba. Sa'an nan a cikin fayil da dai sauransu

- A tsakiyar karamin yawan fayiloli a babban fayil da ka so don zaɓar Runduna fayil.
Sa'an nan fayil aka bude ta amfani da "Notepad". Yana kama da wannan: a cikin Runduna fayil dole ka latsa dama linzamin kwamfuta button kuma zaɓi "Open Tare." Sa'an nan za ka iya zaɓar "Rubutu Edita WordPad».

Bayan bude fayil din da ka so ka dubi fayil tare da wani Littãfi daga 127.0.0.1 localhost. Wani sauran shigarwar ne superfluous kuma kawai hana da kuma toshe barga aiki na audio da video files. Wajibi ne a gaba daya cire duk bayanai daga fayil da kwafe kawai rubutu 127.0.0.1 localhost. Next, kana bukatar ka danna "Save" kuma zata sake farawa kwamfutarka. Lokacin da "VKontakte" page m ziyarar duk abin da zai yi aiki lafiya.