Jijiyoyin bugun gini kewaye tiyata na ƙananan wata gabar jiki: alamomi, sakamakon

Jijiyoyin bugun gini cututtuka da ake samu a maza da mata. Mafi na kowa cututtuka shafi mutane na tsakiya da kuma tsufa. Kadan na kowa cuta lura a matasa. A wasu lokuta, waɗannan cututtuka ne nakasar. Da hankula wuri na rauni da jijiyoyin bugun gini tsarin ne jijiyoyin zuciya, cerebral arteries, veins daga cikin dubura da kuma ƙananan extremities. Duk da haka, a lokacin da na tsari vasculitis tsari za a iya rarraba a ko'ina cikin jiki. Daya daga cikin na kowa dalilai domin magani ga Likita ne varicose veins. Wannan Pathology ne mafi sau da yawa haka al'amarin ga mata. A halayyar cututtuka su ne: tortuosity na veins, su tsawo, a protrusion. Wani jijiyoyin bugun gini cuta an dauke su atherosclerosis. Yana take kaiwa zuwa gidan ya toshe arteries da matsaloli tare da jini patency. A ci-gaba lokuta, kewaye tiyata na ƙananan extremities ne da za'ayi a duka biyu pathologies. Wannan shi ne m aiki, ta hanyar abin da kulawa don gaba daya mayar da jini ya kwarara.

Domin menene aka yi kewaye tasoshin kafafunsa?

A zama dole awo a cututtuka na jijiyoyinmu kuma jijiyoyi ne a kewaye da ƙananan extremities. Jiyya a farkon matakai na mai ra'ayin hanya. Marasa lafiya fama da atherosclerotic raunuka, rubũta sia-ragewan kwayoyi (kwayoyi "Atorvastatin" "Fenofibrate") rage cin abinci. Tare da varicose veins bada shawarar yin sa musamman na roba tufafi, sclerotherapy. Lower reshe tasoshin kewaye grafting aka yi a mai tsanani toshewa da lumen na jijiya, ko jijiya, a babban hadarin da thrombosis da kuma ci gaban gangrene. Wannan hanya ne wani m hanya, shi dole ne gudanar da wani likita-jijiyoyin bugun gini likita. Kewaya tiyata ne sauyawa daga cikin jirgin ruwa a implant shafin. A sakamakon haka, jinin samar aka mayar, da kuma hadarin thrombosis ne ƙwarai rage. A shunt iya sanya na roba kayan ko kyallen takarda haƙuri da nasu. Sau da yawa m tasoshi da tukwane na ƙananan wata gabar jiki amfani da wani implant. A zabi na kayan dogara da diamita na shafa jijiya ko jijiya, kazalika a kan halaye da Pathology.

Alamomi ga kewaye tiyata na ƙananan extremities

Kewaya tiyata na ƙananan extremities ne da za'ayi a cikin wani gwani ko wani asibiti m sashen. Yana nufin wani rikitarwa hanya, don haka dole ne a za'ayi kawai a karkashin m alamomi. Don kewaya tasoshin kamata Resort idan obturated fiye da 50% na diamita arteries ko jijiyoyinmu. Kafin ka yanke shawara a kan tiyata, likitoci rubũta ra'ayin mazan jiya magani. Surgery aka yi a cikin rashi na sakamako na far. Akwai wadannan alamomi ga kewaye tiyata na ƙananan extremities:

1. Atherosclerosis na jijiyoyi.
2. Bayyana Pathology na venous tsarin. Sau da yawa tare da varicose veins da thrombophlebitis barazanar yi stenting ko angioplasty. Tare da contraindications ga irin hanyoyin kwantar da hankali da za'ayi kewaye tasoshin.
3. Endarteritis. Lokacin da wannan cuta mai kumburi martani a hade tare da m obliteration na kananan tasoshin. A hankali, da jijiya ne gaba daya occluded, abu don gangrene na ƙafa. A cuta ne mafi kowa daga maza.
4. Aneurysm na ƙananan iyakar jijiyoyi. Pathology a dangerously babban hadarin da zub da jini, wanda yake shi ne musamman wuya a dakatar.

A wasu lokuta, yin kewaye tiyata na ƙananan extremities da gangrene na yatsun ko ƙafa. A hangen nesa da wannan tiyata ba ko da yaushe m, da kuma dogara a kan yankin na necrosis da mutum halaye da kwayoyin. A wasu lokuta, tiyata take kaiwa zuwa waraka daga gangrene ko rage daga cikin rauni size.

A wasu yanayi, kewaye tiyata ne contraindicated?

Duk da inganci na jijiyoyin bugun gini kewaye tiyata, yana da daraja ambaton cewa irin wannan wani aiki ne sosai tsanani. Saboda haka, an yi ne kawai a lokuta inda wasu jiyya ba su taimake su. By dauke da fitar kewaye tiyata na da yawan contraindications. Daga cikin su:

1. Hawan jinni da cututtukan zuciya da ba a sarrafawa tare da antihypertensive kwayoyi. A wannan yanayin, da aiki a tasoshin zai iya sa cardiogenic buga, tsokar zuciya infarction ko bugun jini.
2. Decompensated zuciya rashin cin nasara, edematous ciwo tare da nakasa daga 'ya'yan numfashin da akai.
3. M angina.
4. Congestive zuciya gazawar da kuma tsokar zuciya infarction.
5. Aortic aneurysm, cerebral tasoshin.
6. Paroxysmal cardiac arrhythmias.

Kewaya tiyata na ƙananan extremities ba za a iya yi tare da cututtuka, raunuka na fata, decompensation na ciwon sukari. A cikin wadannan lokuta, aiki ne da za'ayi bayan da karfafawa daga mãsu haƙuri.

A dabaru na grafting

jijiya kewaye tiyata da aka yi sau da yawa. Wannan shi ne saboda cewa wadannan cututtuka ne mafi prevalent. Bugu da kari, wasu jiyya da shawarar a raunuka na jijiyoyinmu. Daga cikin su - balan-balan angioplasty da stenting. Kamar yadda shunts don mayar da jini ya kwarara amfani saphenous jannayẽnsa cinya. Lokacin da wani babban yanki na rauni ko matalauta jijiyoyin bugun gini da yanayin amfani da roba implants. Akwai hanyoyin da dama na aiki. Daga cikin su:

1. Bifemoralnoe aorto-kewaye tiyata. Surgery aka yi a matakin makwancin gwaiwa. Jigon da aiki shi ne ya halicci kewaye anastomosis tsakanin ciki lakã da femoral jijiyoyi.
2. Femoropopliteal kewaye tiyata. Ulla wani anastomosis tsakanin biyu manyan jijiyoyi na ƙananan reshe. Shunt fãra a hip da ake kawota zuwa tushe na gwiwa hadin gwiwa yankin (sama ko a kasa da hadin gwiwa).
3. Cross-kewaye tiyata. Anastomosis da aka gudanar tsakanin biyu femoral arteries (daga dama kafa bar kafa, ko mataimakin versa).
4. Femorotibialnoe kewaye. Jijiyoyin bugun gini dasa haɗu da femoral da tibial jijiya.

Shirya haƙuri ga jijiyoyin bugun gini kewaye tiyata

Shirye-shirye shunting hada da wani jerin bincike hanyoyin, da kuma yin amfani da kwayoyi. Kafin aiki, dole ne ka tafi, ta hanyar dakin gwaje-gwaje gwaje-gwaje: KLA, OAM, jini sunadarai, coagulation. Kuma yi Doppler jini daga cikin ƙananan extremities, ECG, EhoKS. Don hana thrombus samuwar lokacin tiyata, a mako kafin ta wajabta jini thinners. Wadannan sun hada da miyagun kwayoyi "asfirin Cardio", "Magnikor". Har ila yau wajabta maganin rigakafi da kuma anti-kumburi kwayoyi. A yamma kafin tiyata, dole ne ka daina shan ruwa da abinci.

Dabara da kewaye daga cikin ƙananan extremities

Kewaya tiyata na ƙananan extremities - wani hadadden aiki, ga wanda babban matakin kwarewa na Likita ake bukata. Jān kafar da aka yi a karkashin janar maganin sa barci. A fata incision kuma tamkar nama ne da aka gudanar a yankuna biyu - sama da kasa da abin ya shafa jijiya. Superimposed a kan jirgin ruwa su hana zub da jini clamps. Bayan kimantawa da rauni incision yi a kan jirgin ruwa da kuma tsayayyen shunt da daya hannun. Next, da jijiyoyin bugun gini dasa yana gyarawa tsakanin tsokoki da kuma tendons. Saboda haka, shunt ne a hankali ciyar da zuwa wuri na biyu daraja (sama da rauni) da kuma gyarawa da ajalinsa. Bayan nan, Likita bincika jihar na jini ya kwarara. A lokacin da jijiya fara bugun jini mai nasara aiki. A wasu lokuta, yin instrumental hanyoyin da jarrabawa. A karshe mataki na tiyata ne zuwa dinki zurfin nama da kuma fata.

Ta yaya ne post-dau lokaci?

Yana da muhimmanci a inpatient kallo na haƙuri, wanda tiyata. Musamman ma idan wannan magudi - kewaye tiyata na ƙananan extremities. Postoperative lokacin da nasara magani ne game da makonni 2. 7-10 kwanaki Likita kawar da seams. Yayin da haƙuri shi ne a asibiti, kana bukatar ka yi bincike hanyoyin tantance da tasiri na magani. Bugu da kari, da likita ya kamata a tabbatar da cewa babu post-gudanar da rikitarwa. Tuni a farkon kwanaki bayan da aiki shi ne shawarar don samun up a ƙafafunta. A zaune wuri, kuma kwance ƙananan wata gabar jiki da za a gyarawa a wani dagagge jihar.

Shawarwari a dawo da lokaci

Bayan da kewaye tiyata na ƙananan extremities wajibi ne don saka idanu a jihar da jini ya kwarara. A saboda wannan dalili, da mãsu haƙuri dole ne sha na lokaci-lokaci dubawa (da Doppler duban dan tayi). Har ila yau, shawarar:

1. Tsaya shan taba.
2. Yarda da antiplatelet kwayoyi su hana thrombosis.
3. Ci gaba da lura da jiki nauyi. Tare da kara BMI rubũta sia-ragewan abinci da kuma magani.
4. Make kullum tafiya.
5. Sa musamman safa (safa) da kuma takalma.

Kewaya tiyata na ƙananan extremities: haƙuri shedu

Sharhi kan marasa lafiya da suke tiyata, mafi yawa tabbatacce. Marasa lafiya ruwaito wani karu a zafi, numbness a kafafu. Duk da haka, a wasu lokuta, mutane koka game da dawowar cututtuka a bayan ɗan lõkaci. Wannan shi ne saboda da shan kashi na makwabtaka da jijiyoyi da kuma jijiyoyinmu. Yana da daraja ambaton cewa kewaye ba lura da atherosclerosis, da kuma hanyar jijiyoyin bugun gini raunuka ba bace bayan tiyata. Saboda haka, don kauce wa ci gaban thrombosis da gangrene, yana da muhimmanci a bi da m matakan.

Kewaya tiyata na ƙananan extremities: rikitarwa na tiyata

Matsalolin tiyata hada da samuwar wani jini gudan jini a cikin shunt, ci gaban congestive zuciya rashin cin nasara, na huhu embolism. A dawo da zamani za a iya festering raunuka a gidajen abinci da kuma zub da jini daga gare ta. Duk da cewa aiki ne dauke shi a hadaddun da dogon lokaci (har zuwa 3 hours), da rikitarwa ne rare. A mita na ci gaba ne game da 2%.