Basics na cibiyar sadarwa gwamnati. Mene ne wani IP address-

More kuma mafi mutane ne a kan Internet kokarin gano abin da IP-address don amfani da ilimin da suka samu domin su musamman dalilai. Wani dakatar daga fi so website ta IP, wani yana so ya Surf net a asirce, ko daidaita ciki ciki-net. Domin wadannan ayyuka, kana bukatar ka fahimci manufa da aiki na da alaka da na'urorin kan TCP | IP.

Lalle ne, yanar- faruwa a mafi yawan lokuta na wannan yarjejeniya, kowane kwamfuta da kuma gano da wani musamman Tazarar address cewa gano cibiyar sadarwa takara. Don gane abin da yake cikin IP-address, bari mu ga ma'anar wannan kalma. Har ila yau, cikin kewayon IP-adiresoshin za a yi la'akari (ba ra'ayi) da kuma search for wani site a browser for ta sunan yankin.

Mene ne Tazarar address na kwamfuta

Wannan shi ne na musamman raba da rundunar ID, ga abin da kwamfuta sami wani data (cibiyar sadarwa) ko daga abin da kwamfuta da ke shiga cikin cibiyar sadarwa na musamman data. Wannan nadi ne m ba kawai ga kwakwalwa amma kuma wani na'urorin cewa tallafawa sadarwa via da direba TCP | IP.

A yanar gizo hanya kuma za a iya gano ta ta Gwargwadon wuri saukar zuwa takamaiman yankin.

Mene ne wani IP-address a gani misali. ciki IP

Ga wani misali daga cikin ciki na lamba adiresoshin a kan na gida cibiyar sadarwa (LAN): 198.169.1.1. A wannan yanayin, na farko 3 lambobi na gidan goma wakiltar TCP | IP cibiyar sadarwa (sa na hada ciki cibiyar sadarwa kwakwalwa). A karshe lamba "zai ba" musamman rundunar a cikin wannan tsarin cikin tsari.

Ba kamar duniya identifiers (WAN) ciki adiresoshin ba zai iya aiki a cikin Internet sarari da kuma faye hali kawai na gida subnet. Internet access a cikin wannan yanayin ne da za'ayi via wani na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa ko wani wakili uwar garke.

A wasu kalmomin, wata rundunar adireshin 10.12.2.254 kamar 198.169.1.1 ko ne ciki. Akwai wasu kewayon da IP-adiresoshin (subnets) cewa zai taba zama wani ɓangare na Internet zone. Gãnãwa, kuma gaskiya ne: babu duniya kwamfuta subnet ba za a iya ƙaddara 192.169.1.H irin ganowa, a cikinsa X - IP-address na wani musamman na'urar.

The browser "neman" Web site ta buga a cikin address bar sunan

Bari mu ga abin da IP-address ta fuskar da browser, da kuma dalilin da ya sa da kasancewar shi ne zama dole su gane hanya.

Saboda haka, a lokacin da Internet Explorer ko wani browser mai amfani shiga cikin URL na website daukan sanya wadannan tsari.

An ƙaddara da IP, m ga wani hali hanya sunan (DNS-ƙuduri). A wannan yanayin, da browser za farko tana nufin wani na musamman fayil da jerin misãlai. Idan jerin da ake bukata Taswirar ba yanzu, da software ya tambaye ga "taimako" ga DNS sabis, an rajista a cikin tsarin aiki saituna.

Wannan sabis kadai ne daidai adireshin ganowa, da kuma watsa sakamakon da browser.

Yanzu da browser "sani" abin da IP-address na da manufa hanya, da kuma inda aika da mai amfani da tambaya. A sakamakon haka, da mai amfani da ganin wani shafin yanar gizo cewa yana so ya samu.

Ta yaya ne batun na IP adiresoshin

A wani gida yankin cibiyar sadarwa kunshi dama kwakwalwa da kuma matsakaici na'urorin, kowane sanya wani raba ganowa da hannu ma troublesome da impractical. Domin wannan tsari, akwai mai kwazo rundunar a kan abin da sabis da aka kaga bayarwa tsauri kewayon IP-adiresoshin - DHCP.

Wannan sabis ɗin ne yawanci kaga don sa'ad da ta yi na'am da guda IP rundunar da aka bayar daga wani takamaiman kewayon gida adiresoshin. sigogi na cibiyar sadarwa mask, kuma yiwu adireshin da cibiyar sadarwa na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa da aka ma daukar kwayar cutar ya kai cikin rundunar, ba tare da wanda damar zuwa makwabciyar subnet ko duniya ba zai yiwu ba. A wasu Runduna DHCP-abokin ciniki dole ne a shigar.