Aromorphosis - menene wannan?

Kamar yadda ka'idar juyin halitta, dukan dabbobi da kuma shuke-shuke da zama a duniya a yau suna sauka daga waɗanda m kwayoyin da suke zaune a cikin ƙasa, miliyoyin shekaru da suka wuce. Inganta halittu masu rai na iya faruwa saboda daban-daban tafiyar matakai. Wannan idioadaptation, kuma degeneration, kuma aromorphosis. Idioadaptation - daya daga cikin manyan kwatance juyin halitta, godiya ga jikin ta adapts zuwa takamaiman yanayi, alhãli kuwa ba fundamentally canza tsarinta. Degeneration ya shafi bacewar wani daga cikin mutane a cikin tsarin juyin halitta. Yana yiwuwa don tsayar da samuwar rudiments, watau saurã daga gabobin da suke da kakanninsa yi da muhimmanci ayyuka. Mutumin ne, misali, da semilunar Musulunci a ciki kusurwa na ido, da coccyx, da sauransu. D. A wannan shugabanci juyin halitta a matsayin aromorphosis, za mu mayar da hankali a cikin wannan labarin a cikin mafi daki-daki.

Mene ne wannan?

Aromorphosis - mai wahala na halitta na jiki a cikin shakka daga juyin halitta don inganta aiki. Wadannan sun hada da, misali, da ya faru na jima'i haifuwa, kwayar, teplokrovnosti, biyu hadi a cikin shuke-shuke, da sauransu. D. Ta hanyar wannan tsari, kafa ne don haka bambance bambancen Muciya duniya duniya.

The asalin rayuwa da farko aromorphoses

Biliyoyin shekaru da suka wuce a cikin teku rai da aka haife shi da farko kwayoyin a duniya ne guda-celled prokaryotes. Su Kwayoyin yana da wani m tsarin, ba su da a cikin abun da ke ciki na tsakiya da kuma da yawa da wasu gabbansa da suke eukaryotes. Era, a lokacin da akwai na farko kwayoyin, da ake kira Archean. Yana maida hankali ne akan lokaci daga 4 zuwa biliyan 2.5 da suka wuce. A lokacin Archean Duniya shi ne har yanzu ba kamar mu gani shi yanzu a cikin yanayi yana da kusan babu oxygen, akwai daya kawai nahiyar a ƙasar da aka ba tukuna rayuwa, da gaseous ambulan na duniya da aka fi yawa, kuma haka ga surface Yana fadi kadan sunshine.

Cikin wannan zamanin, ko da farko cyanobacteria bayyana kamar wata guda-celled algae, wadda za ta zauna da Earth daga baya, amma sun kasance har yanzu prokaryotes. Amma wadannan kwayoyin sun daina heterotrophs matsayin farko kwayoyin inhabiting duniya, da kuma autotrophs, sun kasance m makamashin hasken rana, carbon dioxide da ruwa haduwa nasu gina jiki. Yana iya bayyana cewa, zargin photosynthesis - a aromorphosis, wanda bayar da impetus ga kara ci gaba da rayuwa a duniya. Saboda gaskiya cewa kwayoyin fara amfani da wannan tsari don samar da kwayoyin abubuwa, da yanayi ya zama progressively wadãtar da oxygen.

Fitowan da kuma ci gaban da tsire-tsire

Za mu iya cewa da farko shuke-shuke sun cyanobacteria kafa a Archean lokaci, kamar yadda suka iya photosynthesis. Kara ci gaba da mulkin shafi samuwar kwayoyin da cewa ba kunshi guda cell. Ana zargin kwayar kwayoyin - shi aromorphosis, wanda, tare da fitowan na photosynthesis a jerin mafi muhimmanci. Saboda wannan canji sanya yiwu da Bunkasar abubuwa masu rai, da samuwar daga cikin manyan masarautun da zama a wannan rana. Red da kuma kore algae aka yadu rarraba a ko'ina cikin Proterozoic zamanin, kafin ƙarshen Ordovician lokaci na da Paleozoic zamanin , sun kasance kawai shuke-shuke girma a Duniya.

The yawan amfanin ƙasa na farko ƙasar kwayoyin

A Silurian lokaci akwai wani muhimmin aromorphosis shuke-shuke - shi ne fitowan na farko spore, Rhyniophyta. Wannan sabon abu za a iya gani a matsayin musamman muhimmanci, kamar yadda wadannan kwayoyin sun shiga ƙasar: su natsu a ƙasar da kuma a cikin m ruwa.

su ne ma, a gaskiya, su ne na farko da shuke-shuke da cewa jiki ya wakilta wani kuɓuta, ba wani thallus kamar algae. 410 miliyan years ago Rhyniophyta riga ƙware cikin ƙasa, kuma yadada a kan ƙasa na duniya. A daidai wannan lokacin, da Silurian, godiya ga shuke-shuke a cikin wani yanayi riga isashshen sunadarin oxygen da ga wanzuwar farko ƙasar dabbobi. A na gaba mafi muhimmanci aromorphosis - shi ne fitowan da shuke-shuke daga tsaba maimakon spores. Saboda haka akwai gymnosperms. Aromorphosis - shi ne bayyanar da flower da 'ya'yan itace samuwar angiosperms.

Da farko aromorphoses dabbobi

A layi daya tare da ci gaba da shuka mulki a kan site bai tsaya da kuma juyin halitta daga cikin dabba duniya. A farkon aromorphosis - shi ne fitowan na biyu germinal zanen gado da kuma radial fasali a kwayar dabbobi. Kamar wancan kafa coelenterates, wanda sun hada da murjãni, Sponges, jellyfish da sauransu. D.

A farko dabbobi a ƙasar

Sa'an nan a kwayoyin bayyana uku da amfrayo leaf - mesodam, kazalika da hadin fasali na jiki, kafa tsoka nama, juyayi da kuma excretory tsarin. Duk wadannan halaye na iri daban-daban kamar lebur kuma annelids, wanda ya zama mataki na gaba a ci gaba da dabbobi. Farko da suka zauna a cikin ruwa, sa'an nan ya zama na farko da dabbobi bar a kan ƙasa. Domin kara Aromorphosis hada da samuwar wani dual-jam'iyya, uku-jam'iyya, sa'an nan da hudu gidajen zuciya, biyu wurare dabam dabam, da ya faru na wannan gabobin kamar yadda kodan. Wani babbar aromorphosis ne bayyanar da tsirkiya, kuma da kara samuwar na kashin baya, kuma dukan musculoskeletal tsarin.

Dumi-bloodedness - shi aromorphosis, wanda shi ne ma daya daga cikin mafi muhimmanci a cikin tarihin juyin halitta. Ya yi aiki a matsayin wani impetus ga kara ci gaba da na tsuntsaye, da ƙasar dabbobi masu shayarwa. A farko dabbobi da cewa mallaki dumin jiki, akwai wasu dinosaur, wanda ya wanzu daga farkon Triassic lokaci na Mesozoic zamanin, kuma da farko tsuntsu-kamar dabba - Archeopteryx. Wannan abu ya yi canje-canje, kamar bayyanar gashinsa, beaks muhimmi tsuntsaye. Sa'an nan kuma akwai samuwar ulu, da Mahaifa a cikin wasu jinsunan fauna - don haka akwai dabbobi masu shayarwa. Saboda da aka jera a cikin wannan labarin aromorphoses da ciwon duk halin yanzu data kasance iri da kuma azuzuwan da dabbobi.